The development of Haliotis tuberculala, with special reference to Organogenesis during Torsion.
The development of Haliotis tuberculala, with special reference to Organogenesis during Torsion.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1937.0012
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发表时间：
1937-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Crofts, D. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Crofts, D. R.
对鲍的生物学和解剖学研究的自然结果是对鲍的发育进行研究（Crofts 1929，p. 159）。这是一个试图阐明的器官发生过程中不断变化的幼虫的生活习惯，希望增加到不足的个体发生学证据，可用于解决腹足类进化的问题。关于胚胎阶段的精彩描述，包括耐心地研究卵裂和原肠胚形成的细节，已经发表于Crepidula（Conklin 1897）、Patella（Patten 1886; Wilson 1904; and Smith 1935）、Trochus（Robert 1902）、Physa（Wierzejski 1905）、Dentalium（Wilson 1904）。关于腹足类幼体发育的综合报道，目前已发表的只有Paludina（埃尔朗格，1891; Tonniges，1896; Drummond，1902; Andersen，1924）和Patella（Patten，1886; Smith，1935）。Paludina的描述阐明了体腔及其衍生物的发展细节。然而，沼螺的胎生习性和随之而来的自由幼虫生命的丧失，使其成为腹足类发育的一个非常不合适的例子。进化阶段更有可能追溯到不太专业的腹足类动物的发育，可以获得对其自由生活的幼虫阶段的充分选择。本文描述了Patel、Acmaea、Trochus和Haliotis的幼虫发育过程，但不同属的发育过程不同。Patten在Patella coerulea（1886）上的工作仅描述了器官发生的开始。时隔50年后，对P.史密斯（1935）给出了一个俗套。这项工作对中胚层、肌肉和神经系统的发育提供了新的解释。幼虫的背侧缩肌，Patten认为是P. coerula，在P. vulgatato被不对称地放置，并且扭转在该肌肉的“作用下”发生。
Investigation of the development ofHaliotis tuberculata, Linnaeus, was undertaken as a natural sequel to an examination of the bionomics and anatomy ofHaliotis(Crofts 1929, p. 159). It is an attempt to elucidate the organogenesis during the changing larval habits, in the hope of adding to the scanty ontogenetical evidence available towards solving the problems of gastropod evolution. Excellent accounts of the embryonic phase, including patiently worked out details of the cleavage and of gastrulation, have been published forCrepidula(Conklin 1897),Patella(Patten 1886; Wilson 1904; and Smith 1935),Trochus(Robert 1902),Physa(Wierzejski 1905),Dentalium(Wilson 1904). The only comprehensive accounts of gastropod larval development already published are ofPaludina(Erlanger 1891; Tonniges 1896; Drummond 1902; Andersen 1924) and ofPatella(Patten 1886; Smith I935). The accounts ofPaludinaelucidate the details of development of the coelom and its derivatives. The viviparous habit and consequent loss of free larval life inPaludina, however, make it a very unsuitable example of gastropod development. Evolutionary stages are more likely to be traced from the development of less specialized gastropods, an adequate selection of whose free-living larval stages can be obtained. The larval development ofPatel, Acmaea, TrochusandHaliotishas been described, in varying completeness for the different genera. Patten’s work onPatella coerulea(1886) gives a description only of the beginning of organogenesis. After a lapse of fifty years a more detailed account of the development ofP. vulgatahas been given by Smith (1935). This work gives a new interpretation of the development of the mesoderm, of the muscles and of the nervous system. The dorsal retractor muscle of the larva, which Patten indicated forP. coerula, is shown inP. vulgatato be placed asymmetrically and torsion takes place “ under the action” of this muscle.