Social Networks of Help-Seeking in Different Types of Disaster Responses to the 2008 Mississippi River Floods
Social Networks of Help-Seeking in Different Types of Disaster Responses to the 2008 Mississippi River Floods
复制标题
DOI：
10.17730/0018-7259-74.4.351
复制
发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Jones, Eric C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casagrande, David G.;McIlvaine-Newsad, Heather;Jones, Eric C.
我们在2008年伊利诺伊州大洪水之后进行了32次访谈和4个焦点小组，以确定人们在洪水之前，期间和之后以不同的方式应对不同类型的挑战时是否使用社交网络。使用扎根的理论方法来分析受访者回忆事件的叙述，我们使用“社会关系”和“反应”作为敏感概念对文本部分进行编码。结果显示，人们在保障生命安全时最依赖直系亲属。在不危及生命的准备和立即恢复期间，网络扩展到朋友、邻居、专业人士和志愿者。在灾难发生之前，社交网络以社区精神向外扩展，形成了微弱的联系。在长期康复期间，受访者最孤立，严重依赖直系亲属和专业人士。桥接和连接社会资本的概念对于理解非生命反应可能更重要，而强联系和弱联系对于理解撤离和长期恢复更为相关。强弱关系最能解释灾后社会分层。旨在促进恢复的政策应该认识到社会网络的作用是不断变化的。
We conducted thirty-two interviews and four focus groups in Illinois after extensive flooding in 2008 to determine whether people use social networks in different ways when responding to different types of challenges before, during, and after the flood. Using a grounded theory approach to analyze narratives of interviewees recalling events, we coded sections of text using "social relationship" and "response" as sensitizing concepts. Results showed people relied most on immediate family when securing life. Networks expanded to friends, neighbors, professionals, and volunteers during non-life-threatening preparation and immediate recovery. Immediately before the disaster's impact, social networks extended outward into weak ties in a spirit of communitas. During long-term recovery, interviewees were most isolated and relied heavily on immediate family and professionals. The concepts of bridging and bonding social capital may be more important for understanding non-vital response, whereas strong and weak ties are more relevant for understanding evacuation and long-term recovery. Strong and weak ties best help explain post-disaster social stratification. Policies aimed at enhancing recovery should recognize that the roles of social networks are constantly changing.