Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) learn to act with other individuals in a cooperative task
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) learn to act with other individuals in a cooperative task
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-006-0022-1
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Fuwa, Kohki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirata, Satoshi;Fuwa, Kohki
我们给两只黑猩猩做了一个任务，要求它们同时拉绳子的两端，把支撑食物的木块拖到它们够得着的地方。黑猩猩在最初的测试中没有成功。他们没有立即理解合作的必要性，他们没有调整自己的行为与合作伙伴。然而，随着会议次数的增加和任务的变化，成功的频率逐渐增加。他们开始频繁地看着同伴，如果同伴没有牵着绳子，他们就等着，然后和同伴一起拉绳子。然而，他们没有使用互动行为或眼神交流来同步他们的行为。然后，一只黑猩猩在同样的情况下与一个人类伙伴配对。在最初的失败之后，黑猩猩开始寻求人类伙伴的合作：抬头看着他的脸，发出声音，握住伙伴的手。当这只黑猩猩再次与另一只黑猩猩配对时，没有观察到任何恳求行为。因此，黑猩猩可以通过尝试和错误来学习协调他们的行为。在任务过程中出现了沟通行为，但沟通根据合作伙伴的身份而有所不同。
We presented two chimpanzees with a task in which they were required to pull each end of a rope simultaneously to drag blocks supporting food into reach. The chimpanzees did not succeed in initial tests. They did not immediately understand the necessity for cooperation, and they did not adjust their behavior to work with the partner. However, the frequency of success gradually increased as the number of sessions increased and the task was varied. They began to look at the partner frequently, wait if the partner was not holding the rope, and pull the rope in synchrony with the partner. However, they did not use interactive behaviors or eye contact to synchronize their behavior. One chimpanzee was then paired with a human partner in the same situation. After initial failures, the chimpanzee began to solicit the human partner for cooperation: looking up at his face, vocalizing, and taking the partner's hand. When this chimpanzee was again paired with the chimpanzee partner, no soliciting behavior was observed. Thus, the chimpanzees could learn to coordinate their behavior through trial and error. Communicative behavior emerged during the task, but the communication differed according to the identity of the partner.