Thermodynamic and related analysis of natural gas combined cycle power plants with and without carbon sequestration
Thermodynamic and related analysis of natural gas combined cycle power plants with and without carbon sequestration
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DOI：
10.1002/er.1328
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发表时间：
2007-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
G. P. Hammond;Serge S. Ondo Akwe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. P. Hammond;Serge S. Ondo Akwe
热力学和相关的“燃烧经济”性能标准已被用于评估天然气联合循环（NGCC）发电系统，无论是否使用二氧化碳（CO2）去除技术。美国国家能源技术实验室以前使用常规的能量和质量平衡结果对这些工厂进行了研究，现在使用详细的能源、能源和消耗经济分析对这些工厂进行了评估。该装置由一个燃气轮机和一个具有三个压力级别的蒸汽循环组成。这种NGCC电厂在未来的竞争化石燃料发电机中表现出最低的改进潜力，因为它们已经通过使用热力学“顶部”循环得到了增强。碳捕获模拟的基础是通过商业胺工艺从离开热回收蒸汽发生器的烟气流中回收二氧化碳。90%的二氧化碳通过这种方式被捕获，然后被压缩成高压液体。实现这一目标的代价是巨大的电力损失（约21%）和每兆瓦时发电成本的增加（44%）。燃烧和传热过程是动力循环中火用退化的主要来源。燃料燃烧约占火用破坏的32%。即使有二氧化碳封存，与现代化石燃料替代品相比，NGCC系统在热力学上仍然是一个有吸引力的选择。总的来说，功耗经济结果表明，通过将发电系统作为一个整体来考虑，而不是集中于单个组件的性能改进（这是功耗经济优化研究中的常见做法），可以实现显著的改进。版权所有©2007 John Wiley & Sons， Ltd
Thermodynamic and related ‘exergoeconomic’ performance criteria have been used to evaluate natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power generation systems, with and without carbon dioxide (CO2) removal technologies. These plants were previously studied by the US National Energy Technology Laboratory employing conventional energy and mass balance results, and have now been evaluated using detailed energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analyses. The plant consisted of a gas turbine together with a steam cycle having three pressure levels. Such NGCC plants show the least exergetic improvement potential amongst competing fossil fuel generators going forward, because they are already enhanced by use of a thermodynamic ‘topping’ cycle. Carbon capture was simulated on the basis of CO2 recovery from the flue gas stream that leaves the heat recovery steam generator via a commercial amine process. Ninety per cent of the CO2 was captured in this way, and then compressed into a high‐pressure liquid. This was achieved with significant power penalty (some 21%) and increase in generating cost per MWh (44%). Combustion and heat transfer processes are the main sources of exergy degradation within power cycles. Fuel combustion accounted for some 32% of exergy destruction. Even with CO2 sequestration, the NGCC system is still a thermodynamically attractive option compared with modern fossil fuel alternatives. Overall, the exergoeconomic results indicate that significant improvements can be achieved by considering the power generation systems as a whole, rather than concentrating on the improvement in performance of individual components (which is a common practice in exergoeconomic optimization studies). Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.