Ultraviolet exposure is a reinforcing stimulus in frequent indoor tanners
Ultraviolet exposure is a reinforcing stimulus in frequent indoor tanners
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaad.2004.01.053
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Kaur, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feldman, SR;Liguori, A;Kaur, M
背景：对晒黑原因的调查主要集中在改善外观的感知上。晒黑的放松效果的报告建议的可能性的生理效应的紫外线，驱动晒黑behavior.Objective：我们试图确定是否有一个生理增强效应的紫外线暴露，独立于外观动机，这可能有助于晒黑的行为。我们在一系列受控的、盲法的、反复选择试验的紫外线精心设计，以分离尽可能干净的紫外线照射的强化效果从其他因素，包括感知的好处，有一个棕褐色。共有14名经常使用日光浴床的年轻人在周一和周三暴露于相同的紫外线和非紫外线日光浴床刺激，为期6周。在星期五，参与者可以同时使用两张床。主要的因变量是选择会话期间，更多的UV比非UV晒黑chosen.Results的百分比：在所有，12名参与者选择了额外的晒黑曝光在星期五，其中，11一贯使用的UV床的曝光。在参与者选择在周五晒黑的41次中，有39次（95%）是在紫外线床上，只有两次是在非紫外线床上。与非UV暴露后相比，UV暴露后报告了更放松和更不紧张的情绪（分别为P =.008和P =.002）.讨论：当在盲条件下暴露于UV和非UV时，频繁的trembling可以区分这两种条件并进行进一步的UV暴露，表明UV是一种强化刺激。紫外线照射的放松和强化作用有助于频繁晒黑的行为，应该更详细地探讨。
Background: Investigations into tanners reasons for tanning have focused primarily on the perception of improved appearance. Reported relaxing effects of tanning suggest the possibility of a physiologic effect of UV that drives tanning behavior.Objective: We sought to determine if there is a physiologic reinforcing effect of UV exposure, separate from appearance motivation, that may contribute to tanning behavior.Methods: We determined the reinforcing effect of UV light in a series of controlled, blinded, repeated-choice trials of UV Carefully designed to separate as cleanly as possible reinforcing effects of UV exposure from other factors including perceived benefits of having a tan. A total of 14 young adults Who used tanning beds regularly were exposed to otherwise identical UV and non-UV tanning bed stimuli on Mondays and Wednesdays for 6 weeks. On Fridays, participants had concurrent access to the two beds. The primary dependent variable was the percentage of choice sessions during which more UV than non-UV tanning was chosen.Results: In all, 12 participants chose additional tanning exposure on Fridays and, of these, 11 consistently used the UV bed for that exposure. Of the total 41 occasions when participants chose to tan on Friday, 39 sessions (95%) were for the UV bed and only two for the non-UV bed. A more relaxed and less tense mood was reported after UV exposure compared with after non-UV exposure (P =.008 and P =.002, respectively).Discussion: When exposed to UV and non-UV under blinded conditions, frequent tanners can distinguish the two conditions and undertake further UV exposure, indicating that UV is a reinforcing Stimulus. The relaxing and reinforcing effects of UV exposure contribute to tanning behavior in frequent tanners and should be explored in greater detail.