Sexually transmitted diseases in the southeastern United States: Location, race, and social context
Sexually transmitted diseases in the southeastern United States: Location, race, and social context
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DOI：
10.1097/01.olq.0000175378.20009.5a
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Farley, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farley, TA
在美国，艾滋病毒的异性传播似乎遵循梅毒和淋病等细菌性传播疾病 (STD) 的流行病学模式，对东南部地区的黑人影响尤为严重。在全国范围内，黑人梅毒和淋病的发病率比白人高出近 30 倍，这种种族差异是大部分地区和县级发病率差异的基础。种族差异不能用传统的社会经济差异衡量标准来解释，也不能用个人层面的性行为决定因素来解释，而是反映了以种族为标志的更深层次的群体层面的社会和环境因素。提出了一个基于先前生态学研究的理论模型来解释种族歧视与黑人性病发病率升高之间的关系。该模型中的关键因素包括：1）长期失业，2）毒品和酒精营销，3）社会解体（或社会资本），以及4）男性监禁。
Heterosexual transmission of HIV in the United States appears to be following the epidemiologic pattern of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as syphilis and gonorrhea, disproportionately affecting blacks in the Southeastern region. Nationwide, rates of syphilis and gonorrhea are nearly 30 times higher in blacks than in whites, and this racial disparity underlies most of the regional and county-level differences in rates. The racial disparity cannot be explained by traditional measures of socioeconomic differences, and it cannot be explained by individual-level determinants of sexual behavior, but rather reflects deeper group-level social and environmental factors for which race is a marker. A theoretical model based on previous ecologic studies is proposed to explain the relationship between racial discrimination and elevated rates of STDs in blacks. Key factors in the model include: 1) chronic joblessness, 2) drug and alcohol marketing, 3) social disorganization (or social capital), and 4) male incarceration.