Torque generation by the flagellar rotary motor.
Torque generation by the flagellar rotary motor.
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作者：
H. Berg
本文对鞭毛旋转马达的结构和动力学进行了综述。驱动拴系细菌（通过单个鞭毛固定在基质上的细胞）的马达中的力产生元件在以1微米/秒的速度移动时施加20 pN的力。在驱动一束鞭毛丝的马达中，力产生元件施加的力要低10倍，但移动速度要高10倍以上。电机的转矩-速度关系已被测量在一个很宽的动态范围。马达强烈抵抗向后驱动，并且容易损坏。
A review is given of the structure and dynamics of the flagellar rotary motor. Force-generating elements in a motor driving a tethered bacterium (a cell fixed to the substratum by a single flagellum) exert forces of order 20 pN while moving at speeds of order 1 micron/s. Force-generating elements in a motor driving a flagellar filament in a bundle exert forces some 10-fold lower but move at speeds more than 10-fold higher. The motor torque-speed relationship has been measured over a wide dynamic range. Motors strongly resist being driven backwards and are easily broken.