Catalytic effects of Murchison Material: Prebiotic Synthesis and Degradation of RNA Precursors
Catalytic effects of Murchison Material: Prebiotic Synthesis and Degradation of RNA Precursors
复制标题
Murchison 材料的催化作用：RNA 前体的益生元合成和降解
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
D. Deamer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Saladino;C. Crestini;Cristina Cossetti;E. Mauro;D. Deamer
默奇森陨石的矿物成分进行了研究，在潜在的催化作用的合成和水解反应有关的核糖核酸。我们发现，矿物表面催化甲酰胺缩合反应，形成羧酸，氨基酸，核碱基和糖前体。这些结果表明，碳质陨石母体中的甲酰胺缩合反应可能会产生多种被认为是生命出现所需的有机化合物。先前的研究已经证明了可能存在于早期地球环境中的矿物组合体的类似催化作用。矿物质在80°C下在pH 4.2至9.3的范围内对促进RNA（聚腺苷酸的24聚体）的水解几乎没有作用。RNA在中性pH范围内最稳定，半衰期约为5 h，但在较高和较低pH范围内，半衰期降至约1 h。这些结果表明，如果RNA以某种方式被整合到基于RNA的嗜热生命的原始形式中，那么它必须受到保护，不受随机水解事件的影响，或者合成速率必须超过水解速率。
Mineral components of the Murchison meteorite were investigated in terms of potential catalytic effects on synthetic and hydrolytic reactions related to ribonucleic acid. We found that the mineral surfaces catalyzed condensation reactions of formamide to form carboxylic acids, amino acids, nucleobases and sugar precursors. These results suggest that formamide condensation reactions in the parent bodies of carbonaceous meteorites could give rise to multiple organic compounds thought to be required for the emergence of life. Previous studies have demonstrated similar catalytic effects for mineral assemblies likely to have been present in the early Earth environment. The minerals had little or no effect in promoting hydrolysis of RNA (24mer of polyadenylic acid) at 80°C over a pH range from 4.2 to 9.3. RNA was most stable in the neutral pH range, with a half-life ~5 h, but at higher and lower pH ranges the half-life decreased to ~1 h. These results suggest that if RNA was somehow incorporated into a primitive form of RNA-based thermophilic life, either it must be protected from random hydrolytic events, or the rate of synthesis must exceed the rate of hydrolysis.