Adaptation and ecological differentiation in wheat with special reference to geographical variation of growth habit and Vrn genotype
Adaptation and ecological differentiation in wheat with special reference to geographical variation of growth habit and Vrn genotype
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1439-0523.2001.00574.x
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kato, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwaki, K;Haruna, S;Kato, K
本文研究了来自世界各地的749个地方品种生长习性的地理变异，特别是它们的适应性和生态地理分化。春季型地方品种的总频率为49.9%，各地之间的差异。春季型地方品种经常出现在两个不同的地区，一月的平均温度低于-7 ℃或高于4 ℃，冬季型地方品种在-7 ℃至4 ℃的地区。这些结果表明，生长习性的地理变异与冬季寒冷程度密切相关。对216份春型地方品种的Vrn基因型分析表明，4个Vrn基因分布不均匀，其中Vrn 4频率最低。不同地区Vrn基因型的适应性不同。携带Vrn-A1和附加Vrn基因的基因型在1月平均气温低于-7 ℃或超过10 ℃的两个不同地区很常见，而携带除Vrn-A1外的三个Vrn基因中的任何一个的基因型适应于4 ℃至10 ℃的地区。因此，小麦地方品种的适应性因其生长习性和Vrn基因型的不同而不同，不同Vrn基因型的小麦生态类型因其对不同冬季温度的适应而异域分布。然而，Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1和Vrn 4的差异分布不能用它们的适应性来解释，而可能。反映了普通小麦的多系起源。
Geographical variation of growth habit was studied for 749 landraces from various parts of the world, with special reference to their adaptation and ecogeographical differentiation. The total frequency of spring-type landraces was 49.9%, and varied between localities. Spring-type landraces were frequent in two distinct areas where the average January temperature was either below -7 degreesC or above 4 degreesC, with winter-type landraces in areas from -7 degreesC to 4 degreesC. These results indicated that geographical Variation of growth habit is closely related to the degree of winter coldness. An analysis of the Vrn genotype for 216 spring-type landraces demonstrated the uneven distribution of four Vrn genes, with Vrn4 being the least frequent. The adaptive Vrn genotype was different between localities. Genotypes carrying Vrn-A1 and additional Vrn gene(s) were frequent in two distinct areas where the average January temperature was either below -7 degreesC or over 10 degreesC, while genotypes with any of three Vrn genes, except Vrn-A1, adapted to areas with temperatures from 4 degreesC to 10 degreesC. Therefore, it was concluded that the adaptability of wheat landraces differed depending on their growth habit and Vrn genotype, and that ecotypes with different Vrn genotypes were allopatrically distributed as a result of adaptation to different winter temperature. However, the differential distribution of Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Vrn4 could not be explained by their adaptability, and might. reflect the polyphyletic origin of common wheat.