Epidemiology of sports concussion in the United States
Epidemiology of sports concussion in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-63954-7.00007-0
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Comstock, R. Dawn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baldwin, Grant T.;Breiding, Matthew J.;Comstock, R. Dawn
体育和娱乐相关的活动在美国很常见。除了对健康有益之外，SRR活动还可以建立新的友谊，给人们一种归属感，培养团队合作精神和其他领导技能，培养体育精神和尊重游戏规则。随着人们对创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的长期后果越来越了解，公众对脑震荡风险的认识也越来越高，这可能解释了脑震荡发病率上升的原因。目前，监控系统可以捕捉到高中和大学运动员参加正规体育运动时的SRR脑震荡。国家估计的SRR TBI提交给急诊科也存在。19岁以下的人是SRR脑震荡的主要受害者。在足球、冰球和长曲棍球等接触/碰撞运动中，男孩的脑震荡风险最大，而且在比赛中比在练习中更容易发生。在性别比较的运动中，女孩的脑震荡率更高。尽管有了更好的数据，但脑震荡的报告仍然不足，管理不足，而且往往没有得到适当的识别。这对于在有组织的体育运动之外发生的脑震荡，在非体育娱乐活动中发生的脑震荡，以及在非急诊部门没有看到或评估过的脑震荡尤其如此。美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention）提出了一个新的监测系统，旨在填补这一空白。
Sports and recreation-related (SRR) activities are common in the United States. Beyond the benefits to health, SRR activities can create new friendships, give people a sense of belonging, foster teamwork and other leadership skills, and develop sportsmanship and a respect for rules that govern play. Public awareness about the risk of concussion has grown as the long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have become better known, and likely explains the increasing concussion incidence rates. Currently, surveillance systems capture SRR concussions among high school and college athletes participating in sanctioned sports. National estimates of SRR TBI presenting to an emergency department also exist. Persons under the age of 19 sustain a majority of SRR concussions. Concussion risk is greatest for boys in contact/collision sports like football, ice hockey, and lacrosse, and is more likely to occur in competition versus practice settings. Girls have elevated concussion rates in gender-comparable sports. Despite better data, concussions are still underreported, undermanaged, and often not properly identified. This is especially true for concussions occurring outside organized sports, in nonsport recreational activities, and for concussions either not seen or evaluated in nonemergency department settings. A new surveillance system proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention aims to fill the gap.