MORPHOLOGY OF THE CAUDAL FOSSA IN CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIELS
MORPHOLOGY OF THE CAUDAL FOSSA IN CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIELS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1740-8261.2008.01487.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Osborne, Jason A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cerda-Gonzalez, Sofia;Olby, Natasha J.;Osborne, Jason A.
基亚里畸形和脊髓水肿是骑士查理王犬的一种重要疾病。虽然尾窝形态异常被认为是这种疾病发展的主要原因，但关于骑士查理王犬形态范围以及这些与临床明显疾病的关系的信息有限。研究了64只骑士查理王猎犬。每个人都接受了神经系统检查和颈椎和大脑的磁共振成像。T2加权矢状面图像用于确定每只犬尾侧窝的形态特征和体积。该体积也作为总颅腔体积的百分比进行分析。每个属性与神经系统分级和脊髓积水的存在相关。15只狗有神经系统体征，59只有颅颈交界处的形态异常。虽然27只狗有脊髓积水，但其中13只在临床上正常。小脑疝和枕骨发育不良是常见的发现，但与脊髓积水无关。在第一和第二颈椎交界处发现背侧压迫性病变。与神经系统体征存在相关的因素包括脊髓积水和尾侧窝/总颅腔体积的比率;有体征的犬的脊髓积水明显大于无症状犬。尾窝大小与脊髓积水无关。枕大孔大小与小脑疝长度呈正相关。在骑士查理王犬中，颅颈交界处异常的患病率很高。虽然有几个因素与神经系统体征有关，但枕骨发育不全似乎是最重要的因素。
Chiari malformations and syringohydromyelia are an important disease complex in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Although abnormalities in caudal fossa morphology are considered major contributors to the development of this disease, limited information exists on the range of morphologies in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and on the relationship of these to clinically evident disease. Sixty-four Cavalier King Charles Spaniels were studied. Each underwent a neurologic examination and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine and brain. T2-weighted sagittal images were used to determine both the morphologic characteristics and volume of the caudal fossa in each dog. This volume was also analyzed as a percentage of total cranial cavity volume. Each attribute was correlated with neurological grade and presence of syringohydromyelia. Fifteen dogs had neurologic signs, and 59 had morphologic abnormalities of the craniocervical junction. While 27 dogs had syringohydromyelia, 13 of these were clinically normal. Cerebellar herniation and occipital dysplasia were common findings but were not associated with syringohydromyelia. Dorsal compressive lesions were noted at the first and second cervical vertebral junction. Factors associated with the presence of neurologic signs included syringohydromyelia and the ratio of caudal fossa/total cranial cavity volume; dogs with signs had significantly larger syringohydromyelia than asymptomatic dogs. Caudal fossa size was not associated with syringohydromyelia. A positive association was identified between foramen magnum size and length of cerebellar herniation. The prevalence of craniocervical junction abnormalities is high in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. While several factors are associated with neurologic signs, occipital hypoplasia appears to be the most important factor.