Examining gender differences for gambling engagement and gambling problems among emerging adults.
Examining gender differences for gambling engagement and gambling problems among emerging adults.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10899-012-9305-1
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Chan AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wong G;Zane N;Saw A;Chan AK
在美国，赌博正迅速成为一个公共健康问题，尤其是在新兴成年人（18-25岁）中。自1995年以来，这一比例最近翻了一番，约有7 - 11%的新成年人口有赌博问题。一些州已将赌博年龄降至18岁；相应地，博彩业最近也将他们的市场定位于这些年轻人群。然而，人们对性别差异知之甚少，也不知道哪些因素会让初出苗头的成年人陷入赌博和出现赌博问题的风险。这项研究的目的是确定在参与赌博的两个层面上造成性别差异的风险因素：投入和问题。中介分析显示，冲动性应对和冒险行为是性别参与赌博差异的部分中介。男性比女性承担更多的风险，冲动应对的水平也更低，而那些承担更多风险、冲动应对水平更低的人更有可能参与赌博。冒险和社交焦虑是赌博问题性别差异的重要中介。男性比女性更爱冒险，也更有社交焦虑，而更爱冒险、更有社交焦虑的人往往在赌博方面有更多问题。对咨询预防和干预策略的影响进行了讨论。
Gambling is fast becoming a public health problem in the United States, especially among emerging adults (18–25 year olds). Since 1995, rates have recently doubled with around 7–11 % of the emerging adult population having problems with gambling. Some states have lowered their gambling age to 18 years old; in turn, the gambling industry has recently oriented their market to target this younger population. However, little is known about the gender variation and the factors placing emerging adults at risk for getting engaged and developing problems with gambling. The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors accounting for gender differences at the two levels of gambling involvement: engagement and problems. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsive coping and risk-taking were significant partial mediators for gender differences on engagement in gambling. Men took more risks and had lower levels of impulsive coping than women, and those who took more risks and had lower levels of impulsive coping were more likely to engage in gambling. Risk-taking and social anxiety were the significant mediators for gender differences in problems with gambling. Men took more risks and were more socially anxious than women, and greater risk-taking and more socially anxious individuals tended to have more problems with gambling. Implications for counseling preventions and intervention strategies are discussed.