Can Testing Predict SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity? The Potential for Certain Methods To Be Surrogates for Replication-Competent Virus.
Can Testing Predict SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity? The Potential for Certain Methods To Be Surrogates for Replication-Competent Virus.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/jcm.00469-21
复制
发表时间：
2021-10-19
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Binnicker MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Binnicker MJ
自COVID-19大流行开始以来，分子方法（例如，实时PCR）已成为诊断该疾病的主要手段。现在已经确定，在临床疾病解决后，分子检测可以继续检测SARS-CoV-2基因组RNA数周或数月。这促使公共卫生机构推荐一种基于症状和/或时间的策略，以停止隔离预防措施，这对住院患者来说，会导致大量使用个人防护设备。由于目前的分子诊断测定不能区分残余病毒RNA的存在（即，非感染性）和复制能力（即，传染性）病毒的情况下，人们一直有兴趣确定实验室测试是否可以用于预测个体将病毒传播给他人的可能性。这篇综述将强调目前已知的现有检测方法的潜力，如实时PCR和抗原检测，以预测活动性病毒感染。此外，关于新方法性能的数据，如针对病毒RNA中间体的分子测试（例如，亚基因组RNA），将被讨论。
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, molecular methods (e.g., real-time PCR) have been the primary means of diagnosing the disease. It is now well established that molecular tests can continue to detect SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA for weeks or months following the resolution of clinical illness. This has prompted public health agencies to recommend a symptom- and/or time-based strategy for discontinuation of isolation precautions, which, for hospitalized patients, results in significant use of personal protective equipment. Due to the inability of current molecular diagnostic assays to differentiate between the presence of remnant viral RNA (i.e., noninfectious) and replication-competent (i.e., infectious) virus, there has been interest in determining whether laboratory tests can be used to predict an individual’s likelihood of transmitting the virus to others. This review will highlight what is currently known about the potential for existing assays, such as real-time PCR and antigen tests, to predict active viral infection. In addition, data on the performance of new methods, such as molecular tests targeting viral RNA intermediates (e.g., subgenomic RNA), will be discussed.