Differences in anxiety levels among symptoms of insomnia. The HUNT study
Differences in anxiety levels among symptoms of insomnia. The HUNT study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.sleh.2019.01.002
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Guzey, Ismail Cuneyt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bragantini, Daniela;Sivertsen, Borge;Guzey, Ismail Cuneyt
目的：本研究的目的是比较不同失眠症状个体的焦虑水平。设计：病例对照研究。设置：北特龙德拉格健康研究参与者：在参与HUNT 3研究的50，802名个体中，当前样本包括7933名个体，包括4317名失眠病例和3616名对照。使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表评估焦虑症状，而根据核心精神疾病诊断和统计手册第四版夜间症状评估失眠症状。4317名报告至少有一种失眠症状的人的焦虑水平与3616名报告无症状的对照组进行了比较。结果：与对照组（5.5，SD = 3.7，P <0.001）相比，报告失眠症状的个体（M = 2.5，SD = 2.4）的焦虑水平显著更高。焦虑水平在不同失眠症状之间也有显著差异（P <0.001）。报告所有3种失眠症状的参与者焦虑评分最高（M = 6.8，SD = 4.3），其次为睡眠发作性失眠伴终末失眠，（M = 6.7，SD = 4.0），睡眠发作性失眠伴睡眠维持性失眠（M = 6.3，SD = 3.8），仅睡眠发作性失眠（M = 5.8，SD = 3.7），睡眠维持性失眠伴终末失眠（M = 5.6，SD = SD = 3.4），终末期失眠（M = 5.2，SD = 3.4），仅睡眠维持性失眠结论：入睡困难，无论是单独的还是与其他症状中的一种或两种相结合的，似乎在焦虑水平的上升中起着关键作用。(C)2019全国睡眠基金会。爱思唯尔公司出版All rights reserved.
Objectives: This study aim is to compare anxiety levels among individuals experiencing different symptoms of insomnia.Design: Case-control study.Setting: The Nord-Trondelag Health Study (the HUNT3 study, Norway).Participants: Of the 50,802 individuals taking part in the HUNT3 study, the current sample comprised 7933 individuals, including 4317 cases with insomnia and 3616 controls.Measurements: Symptoms of anxiety were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, whereas insomnia symptoms were assessed according to the core Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, nocturnal symptoms. Anxiety levels of the 4317 individuals reporting at least 1 insomnia symptom were compared with the 3616 controls reporting no symptoms. Level of anxiety among participants experiencing combinations of insomnia symptoms was also investigated.Results: Anxiety levels were significantly higher in individuals reporting insomnia symptoms (M = 2.5, SD = 2.4) compared to controls (5.5, SD = 3.7, P < .001). Anxiety levels also differed significantly between different insomnia symptoms (P < .001). Participants reporting all 3 insomnia symptoms had the highest anxiety score (M = 6.8, SD = 4.3), followed in decreasing order by sleep onset insomnia with terminal insomnia (M = 6.7, SD = 4.0), sleep onset insomnia with sleep maintenance insomnia (M = 6.3, SD = 3.8), sleep onset insomnia only (M = 5.8, SD = 3.7), sleep maintenance insomnia with terminal insomnia (M = 5.6, SD = SD = 3.4), terminal insomnia (M = 5.2, SD = 3.4), and sleep maintenance insomnia only (M = 4.5, SD = 3).Conclusions: Difficulties initiating sleep, both alone and in combination with 1 or 2 of the other symptoms, seem to play a key role in rising anxiety levels. (C) 2019 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.