Distal and proximal attentional focus effects on the performance of closed and open continuous motor skills
Distal and proximal attentional focus effects on the performance of closed and open continuous motor skills
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远端和近端注意力集中对封闭和开放连续运动技能表现的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stephen Banks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stephen Banks
注意力集中的研究已经可靠地证明，相对于对运动力学的内部意识集中，外部（身体以外）集中在技能表现、保持和转移方面是上级的。本论文通过评估外部焦点距离对应用背景下连续技能表现的影响来扩展现有知识。具体而言，两个不同距离的外部焦点进行了比较，以无向注意条件。使用不同的皮艇短跑学科进行了三个独立的研究，其中两个发生在良性环境中使用相对封闭的技能，而第三个是在一个开放的技能背景下进行。在所有情况下，参与者内的实验设计采用了一个独立的变量有意识的焦点和因变量的性能时间。在研究1中，在冲浪滑雪短跑任务中，使用有能力的、有经验的皮划艇运动员（n = 20），远端外部条件显著优于无定向焦点和近端外部条件（两种情况下p <0.001）。无向聚焦条件显著快于近端外部聚焦条件（p = .003）。效应量很大（ηp2 = 0.55）。研究2使用K1短跑皮艇中的青年选手（n = 16）检查相同的注意力点。无向聚焦条件显著快于近端外部条件（p = 0.028）;效应量较大（ηp2 = 0.23）。在研究3中，有经验的皮艇运动员（n = 27）进行了测试，在野生水赛车任务对相同的实验条件。远端外焦点条件
Attentional focus research has reliably demonstrated that an external (beyond the body) focus is superior in terms of skill performance, retention and transfer relative to an internal conscious focus on movement mechanics. This thesis extends current knowledge by evaluating the impact of external focus distance on the performance of continuous skills in an applied context. Specifically, two external focus points of different distances were compared to an undirected attention condition. Three separate studies were conducted using different kayak sprinting disciplines; two of these took place in benign environments using relatively closed skills whilst the third was carried out in an open skill context. In all cases a within-participants experimental design was employed with an independent variable of conscious focus and a dependent variable of performance time. In Study 1, using competent, experienced kayakers (n = 20) in a surf ski sprinting task, the distal external condition significantly outperformed both the undirected focus and proximal external conditions (p < .001 in both cases). The undirected focus condition was significantly faster than the proximal external focus condition (p = .003). The effect size was large (ηp2 = .55). Study 2 examined the same attentional points using youth racers in K1 sprint kayaks (n = 16). The undirected focus condition was significantly faster than the proximal external condition (p = .028); the effect size was large (ηp2 = .23). In Study 3 experienced kayakers (n = 27) were tested in a wild water racing task against the same experimental conditions. The distal external focus condition
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Diedrich, FJ;Warren, WH
通讯作者：
Warren, WH
患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍的儿童的运动时间缺陷。
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Zelaznik,HowardN;Vaughn,AaronJ;Green,JohnT;Smith,AlanL;Hoza,Betsy;Linnea,Kate
通讯作者：
Linnea,Kate