CONTROL OF RABIES IN FOXES - WHAT ARE THE APPROPRIATE MEASURES
CONTROL OF RABIES IN FOXES - WHAT ARE THE APPROPRIATE MEASURES
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DOI：
10.1136/vr.134.3.55
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发表时间：
1994-01-15
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
AUBERT, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
AUBERT, M
直到最近几年，减少水库物种的数量是打破狂犬病在野生动物中传播链条的唯一可行措施。在本世纪初的欧洲，当强制戴上口罩和限制行动时，在对狗进行任何大规模疫苗接种之前，狗的种群减少被证明是有效的。描述了过去对野生食肉动物实施灭绝措施取得成功的一些例子。但在狐狸狂犬病的情况下，对狐狸种群采取的控制措施有时会降低流行率或推迟一个地区的入侵，但不会永久地解放或保护一个地区。法国的一些例子说明了从控制措施的结果中得出明确结论的困难。相反，狐狸口服疫苗在防止狂犬病传播方面显然是成功的。然而，数学模型、历史考量和对狐狸接种疫苗地区的首次观察表明，控制狐狸数量的传统方法，至少是通过狩猎，不应该受到限制，因为它们补充了疫苗接种的效果。
Until recent years, the depopulation of reservoir species was the only feasible measure to break the transmission chain of rabies in wildlife. In Europe at the beginning of this century, when applied with compulsory muzzling and restrictions on movement, dog depopulation was shown to be effective before any large scale vaccination of dogs. Some examples of the success of the application of depopulation measures on wild carnivores in the past are described. But in the case of enzootics of rabies in the fox, the control measures applied to fox populations sometimes decreased the prevalence or postponed the invasion of an area but did not free or protect an area permanently. Some examples taken from France illustrate the difficulties of drawing clear conclusions from the results of control measures. Conversely, the oral vaccination of foxes was demonstrably successful in preventing the spread of rabies. However, mathematical modelling, historical considerations and first observations in areas in which foxes have been vaccinated strongly suggest that the 'traditional' methods of controlling fox populations, at least by hunting, should not be restricted because they complement the effects of vaccination.