Knowledge, attitude and practice of the local people towards human-carnivore coexistence in Faragosa-Fura Landscape, Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia
Knowledge, attitude and practice of the local people towards human-carnivore coexistence in Faragosa-Fura Landscape, Gamo Zone, southern Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1002/wlb3.01018
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发表时间：
2022-02-02
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Shibru, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gebo, Berhanu;Takele, Serekebirhan;Shibru, Simon
当地人的知识、态度和实践（KAP）在人类与野生动物的共存中发挥了重要作用，并在生物多样性保护中受到越来越多的关注。然而，关于当地人对人类与肉食动物共存（HCC）的 KAP 的研究很少，针对特定物种或仅限于保护区。因此，我们调查了当地人对食肉动物与人类共存的 KAP、牲畜问题以及埃塞俄比亚南部人类主导景观中的缓解措施。我们使用半结构化问卷和照片抽样从 352 个家庭访谈中收集了数据。受访者提到与当地人共存的13种食肉动物，分属6个家庭。百分之八十五的受访者认为食肉动物是有问题的物种，并对它们表示消极态度，主要是因为它们对牲畜造成了损害。对肉食动物了解较多的受访者也对肉食动物表现出积极的态度。聚类分析显示，斑鬣狗、薮猫、豹子、普通豺和黑背豺属于高威胁簇。受访者表示，鸡和山羊是最受威胁的牲畜。据报道，主要的捕食控制方法是用栅栏看守较大的牲畜，并在夜间将鸡关在室内。回归模型预测，男性和受过教育的受访者比女性和文盲对食肉动物有更多的了解。拥有较多牲畜的受访者对牲畜的伤害更大，女性对肉食动物表现出消极态度。尽管研究区是13种肉食动物物种的关键保护价值，但肉食动物捕食牲畜、当地人对肉食动物的消极态度以及当地人民实行的致命捕食控制方法正在影响该地区的HCC。研究结果呼吁采取保护教育等保护行动，以提高认识并形成积极态度，并与当地社区协商采取非致命性捕食缓解措施，以促进 HCC 的发生。
Local people knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) have played an important role in human-wildlife coexistence and have received increased attention in biodiversity conservation. However, studies on the KAP of local people towards human-carnivore coexistence (HCC) are scarce, species-specific or limited to the protected areas. Therefore, we investigated the local people KAP towards carnivore coexistence with humans, the problem of livestock and mitigation practices in a human-dominated landscape of southern Ethiopia. We collected the data from 352 households interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire and photographic sampling. The respondents mentioned 13 carnivores coexisting with local people belonging to six families. Eighty-five percent of the respondents perceived carnivores as problematic species and expressed a negative attitude towards them, primarily due to the damage they caused to their livestock. Respondents who had better knowledge of carnivores also showed a positive attitude towards carnivores. The cluster analysis showed that the spotted hyena, serval, leopard, common genet and black-backed jackal were grouped under a high-threat cluster. Chickens and goats were the most threatened livestock reported by respondents. The main predation control methods reported were guarding and fencing for larger livestock and keeping chickens indoors during the night. The regression models predicted that males and literate respondents had better knowledge of carnivores than females and illiterates. The respondents who owned more livestock experienced more damage to livestock, and females showed a negative attitude towards carnivores. Although the study area is the critical conservation value of the 13 carnivore species, livestock predation by carnivores, the local people's negative attitude towards carnivores and lethal predation control methods practiced by local people were affecting HCC in the area. The findings call for conservation actions such as conservation education to raise awareness and develop a positive attitude and non-lethal predation mitigation measures to promote HCC in consultation with the local community.