What is the current status of multicancer early detection tests and upper gastrointestinal cancer?
What is the current status of multicancer early detection tests and upper gastrointestinal cancer?
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多癌早期检测和上消化道癌症的现状如何？
DOI：
10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00249-2
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hoare M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hoare M
癌症的早期诊断，在局部和区域扩散之前的1-2期，与生存率的实质性改善和发病率的降低有关，因为治疗通常不那么复杂，耐受性更好。1对于食道、胃、肝和胰腺的上消化道（UGI）癌症，目前没有系统的主动筛查计划，因此诊断依赖于对有症状患者的反应性调查。在这些癌症类型中，模糊的诊断学通常意味着诊断途径被延迟或曲折，因此迫切需要开发可获得且负担得起的反应性测试，以早期诊断具有非特异性症状的患者的癌症。此外，需要根据风险因素进行更个性化的主动监测;例如：食管腺癌的胃灼热;新发糖尿病和胰腺癌家族史;或肝癌的肥胖相关脂肪性肝病。2
Early diagnosis of cancer, at stage 1-2 before local and regional spread, is linked to substantial improvements in survival and reduced morbidity since the treatments are often less complex and better tolerated.. 1 For upper GI (UGI) cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, liver and pancreas there are currently no systematic proactive screening programmes-therefore diagnosis relies on reactive investigation of symptomatic patients. Frequently vague symptomatology in these cancer types means that diagnostic pathways are delayed or tortuous.There is therefore an urgent need to develop reactive tests that are accessible and affordable for earlier diagnosis of cancer in patients with non-specific symptoms. Additionally, triage tests are needed for more individualised pro-active surveillance based on risk factors; for example: heartburn for oesophageal adenocarcinoma; new-onset diabetes and a family history for pancreatic cancer; or obesity-related steatotic liver disease for liver cancer. 2