The effects of novelty-seeking phenotypes and sex differences on acquisition of cocaine self-administration in selectively bred High-Responder and Low-Responder rats
The effects of novelty-seeking phenotypes and sex differences on acquisition of cocaine self-administration in selectively bred High-Responder and Low-Responder rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.008
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Becker, Jill B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Brooke A.;Clinton, Sarah M.;Becker, Jill B.
探索行为的个体差异可预测地影响精神兴奋剂的自我给药行为。在新环境中表现出高度运动活动的雄性大鼠（高反应者，HR）比表现出低水平的新奇诱导运动的雄性大鼠（低反应者，LR）更容易自我使用可卡因。本实验研究了个体性别和个体表型在新奇诱导运动中对动物获得可卡因自我给药行为易感性的综合影响，实验对象为选择性繁殖为HR-LR表型的雄性和雌性大鼠。我们首先确定了HR女性，像他们的男性同行一样，对新奇事物表现出更大的运动反应，并且比LR女性表现出更少的焦虑行为。虽然运动行为受到发情期的微妙影响，与发情前期和发情相比，HR和LR雌性在发情期和发情期的活动增加，但这种影响并没有掩盖HR-LR的差异。当训练雄性和雌性HR-LR动物自我给药（2小时/天，5天/周x 3周，0.2 mg可卡因/kg/输注）时，HR雄性和雌性获得可卡因自我给药的速度明显快于LR同类。此外，HR女性自我使用的可卡因明显多于其他所有组。综上所述，雌性大鼠和雄性一样，表现出HR-LR表型，预测获得可卡因自我给药的速度。此外，女性人力资源管理人员比男性人力资源管理人员和两个LR组使用更多的可卡因。(C) 2008爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
individual differences in exploratory behavior can predictably influence psychostimulant self-ad ministration behavior. Male rats that exhibit a high degree of locomotor activity in a novel environment (High Responders, HR) will self-administer cocaine more readily than males exhibiting low levels of novelty-induced locomotion (Low Responders, LR). The present experiment investigates the combined influences of the sex of an individual and individual phenotypes in novelty-induced locomotion to predispose animals to acquire cocaine self-administration behavior, in male and female rats selectively bred for the HR-LR phenotypes. We first established that HR females, like their male counterparts, exhibit a dramatically greater locomotor response to novelty and less anxiety-like behavior than do LR females. While locomotor behavior was subtly influenced by estrous stage, with both HR and LR females showing increased activity during metestrus and diestrus compared to proestrus and estrus, the effect did not obscure HR-LR differences. When male and female HR-LR animals were trained to self-administer cocaine (2 h/day, 5 days/wk x 3 wk, 0.2 mg cocaine/kg/infusion), HR males and females acquired cocaine self-administration significantly faster than their LR counterparts. Furthermore, HR females self-administered significantly more cocaine than all other groups. In conclusion, female rats, like males, exhibit HR-LR phenotypes that predict rapidity of acquiring cocaine self-administration. Moreover, HR females self-administer more cocaine than HR males and both LR groups. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.