Microstructured barbs on the North American porcupine quill enable easy tissue penetration and difficult removal
Microstructured barbs on the North American porcupine quill enable easy tissue penetration and difficult removal
复制标题
北美豪猪羽毛上的微结构倒刺使组织易于穿透但难以去除
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1216441109
复制
发表时间：
2012-12-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Karp, Jeffrey M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho, Woo Kyung;Ankrum, James A.;Karp, Jeffrey M.
北美豪猪以其特殊的毛发或羽毛而闻名，这些毛发或羽毛具有微小的向后展开的倒刺，用于自卫。在这里，我们表明，天然羽毛的几何形状使易于渗透和高组织粘附，其中倒刺特别有助于粘附，意想不到的是，大大减少穿透组织所需的力。穿透力的降低是通过表面形貌来实现的，表面形貌似乎在羽毛管的横截面直径快速增长的区域产生应力集中，有利于组织的切割。位于第一个几何过渡区附近的倒刺对最小化穿透所需力的影响最大。羽管尖端的倒刺对组织粘附力的影响最大，0 ~ 2mm和2 ~ 4mm区域倒刺之间的配合对增强组织粘附力至关重要。用仿模合成聚氨酯羽管再现了倒刺的双重功能。这些发现可以作为生物启发装置的基础，如组织粘接剂或针、套管针和血管隧道，其中最小化穿透力对于防止附带损伤很重要。
North American porcupines are well known for their specialized hairs, or quills that feature microscopic backward-facing deployable barbs that are used in self-defense. Herein we show that the natural quill's geometry enables easy penetration and high tissue adhesion where the barbs specifically contribute to adhesion and unexpectedly, dramatically reduce the force required to penetrate tissue. Reduced penetration force is achieved by topography that appears to create stress concentrations along regions of the quill where the cross sectional diameter grows rapidly, facilitating cutting of the tissue. Barbs located near the first geometrical transition zone exhibit the most substantial impact on minimizing the force required for penetration. Barbs at the tip of the quill independently exhibit the greatest impact on tissue adhesion force and the cooperation between barbs in the 0-2 mm and 2-4 mm regions appears critical to enhance tissue adhesion force. The dual functions of barbs were reproduced with replica molded synthetic polyurethane quills. These findings should serve as the basis for the development of bio-inspired devices such as tissue adhesives or needles, trocars, and vascular tunnelers where minimizing the penetration force is important to prevent collateral damage.