The mechanobiology of kidney podocytes in health and disease.

The mechanobiology of kidney podocytes in health and disease.
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健康和疾病中肾足细胞的力学生物学。

DOI:
10.1042/cs20190764
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
1979)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Reynolds PA
Reynolds PA
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reynolds PA

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慢性肾病 (CKD) 严重降低生活质量,每年导致数千人过早死亡。透析和肾器官移植仍然是普遍的治疗途径,但带来了巨大的医疗、经济和社会负担。足细胞负责肾脏中的血液过滤选择性,它们从细胞体延伸出足突 (FP) 网络,这些足突 (FP) 围绕内皮细胞,并与邻近足细胞上的足细胞相互交叉,形成狭窄的狭缝隔膜 (SD)。在衰老过程中,一些足细胞会自然丢失,但足细胞加速丢失是 CKD 的标志。深入了解退行性足细胞损失的起源将有助于回答有关肾功能的重要问题,并带来巨大的健康益处。在这里,我们回顾了揭示足细胞力学生物学的方法,包括那些询问足细胞的生物物理特性以及外部物理环境如何影响足细胞行为的方法,以及那些询问足细胞对其周围环境产生的生物物理影响的方法。
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) substantially reduces quality of life and leads to premature death for thousands of people each year. Dialysis and kidney organ transplants remain prevalent therapeutic avenues but carry significant medical, economic and social burden. Podocytes are responsible for blood filtration selectivity in the kidney, where they extend a network of foot processes (FPs) from their cell bodies which surround endothelial cells and interdigitate with those on neighbouring podocytes to form narrow slit diaphragms (SDs). During aging, some podocytes are lost naturally but accelerated podocyte loss is a hallmark of CKD. Insights into the origin of degenerative podocyte loss will help answer important questions about kidney function and lead to substantial health benefits. Here, approaches that uncover insights into podocyte mechanobiology are reviewed, both those that interrogate the biophysical properties of podocytes and how the external physical environment affects podocyte behaviour, and also those that interrogate the biophysical effects that podocytes exert on their surroundings.
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