Combined DNA, toxicological and heavy metal analyses provides an auditing toolkit to improve pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
Combined DNA, toxicological and heavy metal analyses provides an auditing toolkit to improve pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/srep17475
复制
发表时间：
2015-12-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bunce M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coghlan ML;Maker G;Crighton E;Haile J;Murray DC;White NE;Byard RW;Bellgard MI;Mullaney I;Trengove R;Allcock RJ;Nash C;Hoban C;Jarrett K;Edwards R;Musgrave IF;Bunce M
在全球范围内，包括传统中药在内的草药的使用有所增加。人们认为产品是天然、安全和有效监管的，但监管机构因缺乏对成分清单、掺假物和活性成分进行审计的工具而受到阻碍。在这里，第一次，一个多学科的方法来评估26中药的分子含量。下一代DNA测序与通过分离技术和质谱（MS）进行的毒理学和重金属筛选相结合，以提供全面的审计。基因分析显示，50%的样本含有未申报的植物或动物分类群的DNA，包括濒危物种黑豹（雪豹）。在50%的中药中，检测到未申报的药剂，包括华法林、地塞米松、双氯芬酸、赛庚啶和扑热息痛。质谱分析显示重金属包括砷、铅和镉，其中一种的砷含量超过可接受限度的10倍。研究显示，92%的被检测中药被发现有某种形式的污染和/或替代。这项研究表明，分子方法的组合可以提供一种有效的手段，通过它审计补充和替代药物。
Globally, there has been an increase in the use of herbal remedies including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). There is a perception that products are natural, safe and effectively regulated, however, regulatory agencies are hampered by a lack of a toolkit to audit ingredient lists, adulterants and constituent active compounds. Here, for the first time, a multidisciplinary approach to assessing the molecular content of 26 TCMs is described. Next generation DNA sequencing is combined with toxicological and heavy metal screening by separation techniques and mass spectrometry (MS) to provide a comprehensive audit. Genetic analysis revealed that 50% of samples contained DNA of undeclared plant or animal taxa, including an endangered species of Panthera (snow leopard). In 50% of the TCMs, an undeclared pharmaceutical agent was detected including warfarin, dexamethasone, diclofenac, cyproheptadine and paracetamol. Mass spectrometry revealed heavy metals including arsenic, lead and cadmium, one with a level of arsenic >10 times the acceptable limit. The study showed 92% of the TCMs examined were found to have some form of contamination and/or substitution. This study demonstrates that a combination of molecular methodologies can provide an effective means by which to audit complementary and alternative medicines.