Extreme reduction in nutritional value of a key forage fish during the Pacific marine heatwave of 2014-2016
Extreme reduction in nutritional value of a key forage fish during the Pacific marine heatwave of 2014-2016
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2014-2016 年太平洋海洋热浪期间一种主要饲料鱼的营养价值急剧下降
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chelsea M. Clawson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. R. Biela;M. Arimitsu;J. Piatt;B. Heflin;Sarah K. Schoen;Jannelle L. Trowbridge;Chelsea M. Clawson
太平洋沙枪鱼是北太平洋许多种类的鲑鱼、底层鱼、海鸟和海洋哺乳动物的主要饲料鱼，在相对温暖的年份对捕食者来说一直是重要的。然而，美国阿拉斯加州威廉王子湾的沙枪营养价值在2012−2016年间急剧下降，表明在2015年和2016年北太平洋海洋热浪期间，通过沙枪从较低营养水平向捕食者的能量转移可能受到干扰。营养价值(长度、能量密度和全身能量)是在7月份凉爽(2012年−2013年)和逐渐温暖(2014年−2016年)年收集的0岁和1岁沙枪中测量的。0龄鱼的值相对稳定，体长和全身能量年间差异不大。相比之下，1岁的鱼的价值在2015年显著下降，到2016年，它们的能量密度比凉爽的年份短了38%，能量密度低了13%。这导致与较凉爽的年份(2012年−，2014年)相比，2015年和2016年的全身能量大幅下降了44%和89%。从2015年7月的0岁到2016年7月的1岁，2015年沙枪队列几乎没有增长或脂肪积累。这种通过远洋食物网的能量流动的有效中断可能是阿拉斯加湾观察到的几种捕食者数量下降和/或繁殖失败的原因之一，并表明在热浪期间达到了临界点。
Pacific sand lance Ammodytes personatus are a key forage fish in the North Pacific for many species of salmon, groundfish, seabirds, and marine mammals and have historically been important to predators in relatively warm years. However, extreme declines in the nutritional value of sand lance in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, during 2012−2016 indicate that energy transfer from lower trophic levels to predators via sand lance may have been disrupted during the North Pacific marine heatwave in 2015 and 2016. Nutritional value (length, energy density, and whole-body energy) was measured in age-0 and age-1 sand lance collected during July in cool (2012−2013) and increasingly warm (2014−2016) years. The value of age-0 fish was relatively stable, with only minor differences among years for length and whole-body energy. By contrast, the value of age-1 fish significantly declined in 2015, and by 2016 they were 38% shorter and 13% lower in energy density compared to cooler years. This contributed to significant declines in whole-body energy of 44% in 2015 and 89% in 2016 compared to cooler years (2012−2014). The 2015 sand lance cohort experienced little growth or lipid accumulation from July 2015 at age-0 to July 2016 at age-1. This effective disruption of energy flow through pelagic food webs probably contributed to population declines and/or breeding failures observed among several predators in the Gulf of Alaska and suggests that tipping points were reached during the heatwave.
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Oliver ECJ;Donat MG;Burrows MT;Moore PJ;Smale DA;Alexander LV;Benthuysen JA;Feng M;Sen Gupta A;Hobday AJ;Holbrook NJ;Perkins-Kirkpatrick SE;Scannell HA;Straub SC;Wernberg T
通讯作者：
Wernberg T