Camel milk, amoxicillin, and a prayer: Medical pluralism and medical humanitarian aid in the Somali Region of Ethiopia
Camel milk, amoxicillin, and a prayer: Medical pluralism and medical humanitarian aid in the Somali Region of Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.007
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Carruth, Lauren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carruth, Lauren
本文详细介绍了在埃塞俄比亚索马里地区的人道主义救援行动中如何接触到新的诊所、诊断技术和药物，塑造了当地多元化的卫生系统，并改变了居民随后对疾病和疾病的构想和治疗方式。尽管埃塞俄比亚的索马里人对药物和诊断技术的需求不断上升，但当地的民族生理学继续借鉴关于体液流动、神圣行动和精神附身的流行观点。对治疗性骆驼奶、古兰经精神治疗、草药疗法和其他历史上流行的疗法的需求依然存在，但这是由对诊断生物技术和药物药物的同时需求和理解所塑造的。反过来也是正确的：索马里人对非生物医学治疗模式的当代理解和使用影响了对临床护理的评估，包括人道主义反应期间的医疗保健。为了说明这些现象，基于2007年至2009年在埃塞俄比亚东部进行的人种学研究，本文探讨了对索马里多元化医疗体系至关重要的三个主题：骆驼奶和消化胆汁的管理；妇女在生殖系统疼痛和紊乱方面的经历和临床表现；以及高科技诊断测试越来越受欢迎。我的结论是，医疗人道主义援助绝不会在真空中发生，也不会在真正没有接受治疗的人群中发生。相反，援助是在不断变化和多元化的健康文化中展开的，它永久地改变了人们评估和做出未来医疗保健决策的框架，并被其改变。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
This paper details how exposure to new clinics, diagnostic technologies, and pharmaceuticals during humanitarian relief operations in the Somali Region of Ethiopia shaped local pluralistic health systems and altered the ways in which residents subsequently conceived of and treated illness and disease. Despite rising demand for pharmaceuticals and diagnostic technologies among Somalis in Ethiopia, local ethnophysiologies continued to draw upon popular ideas about humoral flows, divine action, and spirit possession. Demands for therapeutic camel milk, Qur'anic spiritual healing, herbal remedies, and other historically popular therapies persisted, but were shaped by concurrent demands for and understandings of diagnostic biotechnologies and pharmaceutical medications. The reverse was also true: contemporary understandings and uses of non-biomedical healing modalities among Somalis shaped evaluations of clinical care, including healthcare during humanitarian responses. To illustrate these phenomena, based on ethnographic research in eastern Ethiopia between 2007 and 2009, this paper explores three topics vital to Somalis' pluralistic healthcare systems: camel milk and the management of digestive bile; women's experiences and clinical presentations with pain and disorder in their reproductive systems; and the rising popularity of high-tech diagnostic tests. I conclude that medical humanitarian aid never happens in a vacuum or among truly treatment-naive populations. Instead, aid unfolds within ever-changing and pluralistic health cultures, and it permanently alters and is altered by the frames within which people evaluate and make future decisions about healthcare. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.