New Developments in Mast Cell Biology Clinical Implications
New Developments in Mast Cell Biology Clinical Implications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chest.2016.06.009
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Bradding, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arthur, Greer;Bradding, Peter
肥大细胞（MC）存在于所有脊椎动物的结缔组织和粘膜表面。在健康方面，它们通过多种受体调节大量促炎介质、蛋白酶和细胞因子的释放，有助于组织稳态、宿主防御和组织修复。然而，这些潜在的保护细胞是一把双刃剑。当重复或长期刺激时，MC激活会导致组织损伤和功能障碍。因此，MCs 与涵盖所有器官的多种疾病的病理生理学方面有关。了解 MC 的生物学、它们的异质性、激活机制和信号级联可能会导致针对当前治疗缺乏或疗效不佳的许多疾病的新疗法的开发。本综述将重点关注 MC 生物学的更新和发展及其临床意义，特别关注它们在呼吸系统疾病中的作用。
Mast cells (MCs) are present in connective tissue and at mucosal surfaces in all classes of vertebrates. In health, they contribute to tissue homeostasis, host defense, and tissue repair via multiple receptors regulating the release of a vast stockpile of proinflammatory mediators, proteases, and cytokines. However, these potentially protective cells are a double-edged sword. When there is a repeated or long-term stimulus, MC activation leads to tissue damage and dysfunction. Accordingly, MCs are implicated in the pathophysiologic aspects of numerous diseases covering all organs. Understanding the biology of MCs, their heterogeneity, mechanisms of activation, and signaling cascades may lead to the development of novel therapies for many diseases for which current treatments are lacking or are of poor efficacy. This review will focus on updates and developments in MC biology and their clinical implications, with a particular focus on their role in respiratory diseases.