Artificial selection on introduced Asian haplotypes shaped the genetic architecture in European commercial pigs
Artificial selection on introduced Asian haplotypes shaped the genetic architecture in European commercial pigs
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.2019
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发表时间：
2015-12-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Groenen, Martien A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bosse, Mirte;Lopes, Marcos S.;Groenen, Martien A. M.
欧洲早期的养猪农民进口亚洲猪与当地品种杂交，以改善具有商业价值的性状。目前的基因组学技术使这些亚洲导入的单倍型能够在全基因组范围内识别现代欧洲猪品种。我们认为，亚洲变异仍然存在，因为它们影响了对古代传统猪和现代商业猪育种都很重要的表型。全基因组的导入水平只与基因含量和重组频率有微弱的相关性。然而，亚洲单倍型(AS)过多或缺失的区域包含以前被鉴定为表型重要的基因，如FASN、ME1和KIT。因此，亚洲等位基因被认为对历史上被选择的表型有影响。本研究旨在评价大白猪导入区添加砷对背脂(BF)性状和产仔数的影响。我们测试的大多数保留亚洲脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的区域显示，来自亚洲等位基因的BF显著增加。我们的结果表明，大白猪的导入是由作用于导入AS的选择压力强烈决定的。因此，我们得出结论，人类驱动的杂交和选择对这些商品猪的基因组结构做出了贡献。
Early pig farmers in Europe imported Asian pigs to cross with their local breeds in order to improve traits of commercial interest. Current genomics techniques enabled genome-wide identification of these Asian introgressed haplotypes in modern European pig breeds. We propose that the Asian variants are still present because they affect phenotypes that were important for ancient traditional, as well as recent, commercial pig breeding. Genome-wide introgression levels were only weakly correlated with gene content and recombination frequency. However, regions with an excess or absence of Asian haplotypes (AS) contained genes that were previously identified as phenotypically important such as FASN, ME1, and KIT. Therefore, the Asian alleles are thought to have an effect on phenotypes that were historically under selection. We aimed to estimate the effect of AS in introgressed regions in Large White pigs on the traits of backfat (BF) and litter size. The majority of regions we tested that retained Asian deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) showed significantly increased BF from the Asian alleles. Our results suggest that the introgression in Large White pigs has been strongly determined by the selective pressure acting upon the introgressed AS. We therefore conclude that human-driven hybridization and selection contributed to the genomic architecture of these commercial pigs.