Reduced reproductive performance prior to death in the Black-legged Kittiwake: senescence or terminal illness?
Reduced reproductive performance prior to death in the Black-legged Kittiwake: senescence or terminal illness?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-048x.2001.320207.x
复制
发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Fairweather, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coulson, JC;Fairweather, JA
黑腿三趾鸥里萨三趾鸥在上一个繁殖季节的繁殖情况与存活到下一个繁殖季节的繁殖情况进行了比较。产蛋时间不受影响，但窝卵数受影响。繁殖成功率和繁殖力都明显降低，而且在下一个繁殖季节之前其中一个配偶死亡的情况下，更大比例的配偶完全无法成对抚养任何幼崽。当配偶双方在下一个繁殖季节前死亡时，繁殖性能下降的程度更大。这表明了累加影响。通过比较个体雌性在其最终和倒数第二次繁殖尝试中的繁殖成功率，证实了对最后一次繁殖尝试的抑制作用。这种效应存在于所有年龄的繁殖鸟类中，从第一次繁殖到最老的一年，当三趾鸥是海洋性的。这表明，这种对繁殖的抑制作用是绝症的结果，这种绝症导致鸟类在几周或几个月内逐渐失去状态。疾病或寄生虫感染形式的压力可能是许多人死亡的主要原因。值得注意的是，这里报道的效果和衰老导致老鸟生殖输出降低的说法之间可能存在混淆。有人建议，需要更严格的检查的索赔，衰老直接影响鸟类的繁殖成功。
The breeding of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in their last breeding season has been compared with that of pairs which survived to the next breeding season. The lime of laying was not affected but the clutch size. breeding success and productivity were significantly lower and a higher proportion of pairs totally failed to rear any young in pairs where one of the partners died before the next breeding season. When both partners died before the next breeding season, the breeding performance was reduced to a greater extent. suggesting an additive influence. The depressive effect on the last breeding attempt was confirmed by comparing the breeding success of individual females in their ultimate and penultimate breeding attempts. The effect was present in breeding birds of all ages, from first time breeders to the oldest yr;al when the kittiwake is oceanic. It is suggested that this depressive effect on breeding is the result of terminal illness which caused the birds to lose condition progressively over several weeks or months. It is possible that stress in the form of disease or parasite infections is primarily responsible for the death of many of the individuals. Attention is drawn to the possible confusion between the effect reported here and claims that senescence leads to lower reproductive output in old birds. It is suggested that more critical examinations are needed of claims that senescence directly affects the breeding success of birds.