Investigation of transient thermal environments
Investigation of transient thermal environments
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.06.030
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发表时间：
2007-12
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
R. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Zhao
人类在日常生活中经常接触到瞬态热环境。但对室内热环境的研究大多是在稳态条件下进行的。本文旨在总结清华大学室内环境组开展的人体对瞬态热环境反应的研究，并预测其研究成果在实践中的应用可能性。人类对瞬变的反应具有一些特殊的特征，这可能有利于环境控制。空气运动在实现瞬态热环境方面特别有效，可以抵消较高的空气温度或温暖气候下的工作温度。根据实测数据分析，室外空气运动的特点与风机或送风口等人工送风在速度、湍流强度和功率谱的概率分布上有所不同。主观实验表明，在温暖条件下，主要模拟室外气流特性的人工空气运动对乘员的偏好最高。实验模拟的空气运动不仅改善了全身冷却，而且还改善了个人空气供应的局部冷却。最后，重要的是，在温暖或炎热的条件下，将模拟的自然空气运动引入空间，可以显著降低建筑的能耗。
Human beings are commonly exposed to transient thermal environments in their daily life. But most of the studies on indoor thermal environment have been conducted under steady-state conditions. The aim of this paper is to summarize the investigation on human responses to transient thermal environment carried out by the indoor environment group at Tsinghua University, and to predict the possibility of using their research findings in practice. Human responses to transients have some special characteristics, which could be beneficial to environmental control. Air movement is especially effective at realizing a transient thermal environment, offsetting higher air temperature or operative temperature in warm climates. Based on the analysis of measured data, the characteristics of air movement outdoors are different from artificial air supply such as fans or air supply outlets, in the probability distribution of their velocities, turbulence intensity, and power spectrum. Based on subjective experiments, it is evident that artificial air movement, which is mainly simulated with outdoor airflow characteristics, has the highest occupant preference in warm conditions. Experimentally simulated air movement improves not only whole-body cooling, but also local cooling as from personal air supplies. Finally, it is important that introducing simulated natural air movement into the space in warm or hot conditions could significantly decrease the building's energy consumption.