Pathogenesis of a Tissue Loss Disease Affecting Multiple Species of Corals Along the Florida Reef Tract
Pathogenesis of a Tissue Loss Disease Affecting Multiple Species of Corals Along the Florida Reef Tract
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00678
复制
发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Paull, Valerie J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aeby, Greta S.;Ushijima, Blake;Paull, Valerie J.
2014年，在佛罗里达东南部沿海的珊瑚礁上爆发了石珊瑚组织丧失病，并继续在整个佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区蔓延。珊瑚虫病导致多个珊瑚物种大量死亡，受影响的珊瑚物种的疾病症状各不相同，在组织损失率（急性和亚急性），病变形态（邻近漂白区或不）和病变发生率（局灶性和多灶性）方面存在差异。我们研究了毒性，传播动力学和抗生素治疗的珊瑚物种表现出不同类型的组织损失病变在佛罗里达的两个地区。Montastraea cavernosa与劳德代尔堡附近的佛罗里达东南部地区的亚急性组织损失病变进行了比较，珊瑚（多个物种）与急性组织损失病变中键。这两个地区的珊瑚表现出渐进的组织损失，但原位死亡率显着较高的标记殖民地的关键。水族馆的研究表明，疾病传播发生在直接接触和通过水柱的珊瑚从这两个地区。然而，传播成功率较高的珊瑚急性与亚急性病变。两种试验种属M的传播率均为100%。海绵体和Meandrina曲流，接触急性病变。在3种接触亚急性病斑的虫种中，最易传播的是蜂窝圆蚧（100%），其次是M. cavernosa（30%），没有发生与滨珊瑚astreoides传播。测试的所有物种的酶切片段对抗生素治疗有反应，疾病病变停止或减缓，表明细菌参与疾病进展。急性病变的原位珊瑚死亡率较高，M.与亚急性病变相比，海绵体暴露于急性病变，表明不同的微生物可能与两种病变类型有关。然而，由于M.海绵状窦没有在中键测量，我们不能完全排除一个共同的病原体参与，但在M。海绵体
An outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD), emerged on reefs off the coast of southeast Florida in 2014 and continues to spread throughout Florida's Reef Tract. SCTLD is causing extensive mortality of multiple coral species and disease signs vary among affected coral species with differences in rates of tissue loss (acute and subacute), lesion morphology (adjacent bleached zone or not) and lesion occurrence (focal and multi-focal). We examined the virulence, transmission dynamics and response to antibiotic treatment of coral species exhibiting different types of tissue loss lesions from two regions in Florida. Montastraea cavernosa with subacute tissue loss lesions in the southeast Florida region near Fort Lauderdale was compared to corals (multiple species) with acute tissue loss lesions in the Middle Keys. Corals from both regions showed progressive tissue loss but the in situ rate of mortality was significantly higher in tagged colonies in the Keys. Aquaria studies showed disease transmission occurred through direct contact and through the water column for corals from both regions. However, transmission success was higher for corals with acute vs. subacute lesions. There was 100% transmission for both test species, M. cavernosa and Meandrina meandrites, touching acute lesions. Among the three species touching subacute lesions, the disease transmitted readily to Orbicella faveolata (100%) followed by M. cavernosa (30%) with no transmission occurring with Porites astreoides. Diseased fragments of all species tested responded to antibiotic treatment with a cessation or slowing of the disease lesions suggesting that bacteria are involved in disease progression. Mortality was higher for in situ corals with acute lesions and transmission was higher in M. cavernosa exposed to acute lesions compared to subacute lesions, suggesting that different microbes may be involved with the two lesion types. However, since in situ mortality of M. cavernosa was not measured in the Middle Keys, we cannot completely rule out that a common pathogen is involved but is less virulent within M. cavernosa.