Neural regulation of gastrointestinal inflammation: Role of the sympathetic nervous system
Neural regulation of gastrointestinal inflammation: Role of the sympathetic nervous system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.autneu.2013.12.003
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lomax, Alan E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cervi, Andrea L.;Lukewich, Mark K.;Lomax, Alan E.
胃肠道（GI）的交感神经支配通过抑制肠神经系统（ENS）的活性和肠道微血管的直接血管收缩神经支配来调节运动、分泌和血流。除了这些公认的作用外，有证据表明交感神经系统（SNS）可以调节GI炎症。节后交感神经元支配胃肠道内的淋巴组织和免疫细胞。此外，先天性和适应性免疫细胞表达交感神经递质的受体。这些受体的激活可以影响多种重要的免疫细胞功能，包括细胞因子释放和辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群的分化。本文综述了交感神经轴突支配胃肠道免疫细胞的神经解剖学证据，阻断或增强SNS活性对胃肠道炎症的影响，以及胃肠道炎症对交感神经解剖和功能的匡威调节。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The sympathetic innervation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract regulates motility, secretion and blood flow by inhibiting the activity of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and direct vasoconstrictor innervation of the gut microvasculature. In addition to these well-established roles, there is evidence that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) can modulate GI inflammation. Postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervate lymphoid tissues and immune cells within the GI tract. Furthermore, innate and adaptive immune cells express receptors for sympathetic neurotransmitters. Activation of these receptors can affect a variety of important immune cell functions, including cytokine release and differentiation of helper T lymphocyte subsets. This review will consider the neuroanatomical evidence of GI immune cell innervation by sympathetic axons, the effects of blocking or enhancing SNS activity on GI inflammation, and the converse modulation of sympathetic neuroanatomy and function by GI inflammation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.