Lifestyle and sociodemographic factors as determinants of blood lead levels in elderly women.
Lifestyle and sociodemographic factors as determinants of blood lead levels in elderly women.
复制标题
生活方式和社会人口因素是老年妇女血铅水平的决定因素。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117049
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Rohay,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muldoon,SB;Cauley,JA;Kuller,LH;Scott,J;Rohay,J
本报告提供了530名年龄在65 - 87岁之间的白色妇女的血铅水平的描述性数据，并研究了该人群血铅水平与特定变量的关系，包括年龄、饮食、生殖和生活方式因素以及居住地。在1990 - 1991年期间，从城市（巴尔的摩，n = 205）和农村（莫农加希拉谷，宾夕法尼亚州，n = 325）招募妇女。通过问卷调查和访谈获得生活方式、病史和人口统计学信息。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定血铅浓度。该队列的平均血铅水平（5.3 μ g/dl）比1976 - 1980年全国调查报告的65 - 74岁白色妇女的平均血铅水平（12.8 μ g/dl）低近60%。城市妇女血铅水平显著高于农村妇女（P <0.0001）。城市居住、吸烟、饮酒和绝经年限与血铅水平呈正相关，而体重指数、母乳喂养、目前的雌激素替代疗法、适度的体育活动和钙摄入量则呈负相关。这些数据表明，自1980年以来，平均血铅水平急剧下降。由于不知道铅暴露在什么水平会对健康产生不利影响，因此改变铅水平、代谢或易感性的其他因素，如营养和烟草和酒精的消费，变得重要起来。
This report presents descriptive data on blood lead levels in 530 white women aged 65–87 years and examines the association of blood lead level in this population with specific variables, including age, diet, reproductive and lifestyle factors, and place of residence. Women were recruited from an urban (Baltimore,n= 205) and a rural site (the Monongahela Valley, Pennsylvania,n= 325) during the period 1990–1991. Information on lifestyle, medical history, and demographics was obtained by questionnaire and interview. Blood lead concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean blood lead level of this cohort (5.3 μg/dl) was nearly 60% lower than that reported by a national survey in 1976–1980 for white women aged 65–74 years (12.8 μg/dl). Urban women had significantly higher blood lead levels than rural women (p< 0.0001). Urban residence, smoking, alcohol consumption, and years since menopause were positively associated with blood lead level, while body mass index, breast feeding, current estrogen replacement therapy, moderate physical activity, and calcium intake were inversely associated. These data suggest that mean blood lead levels have declined dramatically since 1980. Because it is not known at what level of lead exposure adverse health effects occur, other factors that modify lead levels, metabolism, or susceptibility, such as nutrition and consumption of tobacco and alcohol, become important.