Surface melting of ice
Surface melting of ice
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DOI：
10.1021/jp963248c
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发表时间：
1997-08-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Makkonen, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Makkonen, L
目前的表面预熔理论是基于这样一种假定的机制，即由于表面的自由能被最小化而形成液层。这里的实验表明，这种机制在冰的情况下是不可能的，然而，对于冰来说，表面在0摄氏度以下的融化是有充分证据的。在此基础上，提出了一种冰的表面融化机制。它基于一个概念，根据这个概念，表面相平衡温度不同于块状材料的温度。新的理论预测了冰上预融的起始温度，与最近的实验数据定量一致。它还解释了冰的再生，并解释了为什么水的密度达到冰点以上的最大值。
The present theories of surface premelting are based on the assumed mechanism whereby a liquid layer is formed because the free energy of the surface is thus minimized. It is shown experimentally here that this mechanism is not possible in the case of ice, for which surface melting below 0 degrees C is, however, well documented. A mechanism of surface melting, unique for ice, is then proposed. It is based on a concept according to which the surface phase equilibrium temperature differs from that of the bulk material. The new theory predicts the onset temperature of premelting on ice in quantitative agreement with recent experimental data. It also explains regelation of ice and explains why water reaches a density maximum above its freezing point.