Selective optogenetic stimulation of Glutamatergic, but not GABAergic, Vestibular Nuclei neurons induces immediate and reversible postural imbalance in mice
Selective optogenetic stimulation of Glutamatergic, but not GABAergic, Vestibular Nuclei neurons induces immediate and reversible postural imbalance in mice
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谷氨酸能而非 GABA 能前庭核神经元的选择性光遗传学刺激可诱导小鼠立即且可逆的姿势失衡
DOI：
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102085
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
刘雪梅
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
魏梦霞;quentin montardy;刘雪梅
谷氨酸能和GABA能神经元代表前庭内侧核的神经成分。我们通过光遗传学刺激VGluT 2-cre和GAD 2-cre小鼠的前庭核（VN）来评估由VN产生的多巴胺能和GABA能神经元通路在维持步态和平衡中的功能作用。我们证明，bisamatergic，但不是GABA能VN神经元亚群是负责立即和强烈的姿势运动缺陷，相当于单侧前庭传入神经阻滞模型。在光遗传学刺激期间，VNVGluT 2+小鼠的支持表面显著增加，并在刺激后迅速回落至基线，而在VNGAD 2+小鼠的类似刺激期间保持不变。这种效果持续存在时，前庭神经肌肉运动感觉足底输入被删除。在VNVGluT 2+动物中诱发的姿势运动改变在刺激后立即仍然存在，而它们在1小时后消失。总的来说，这些结果表明，在这种特定的情况下，VNVGluT 2+神经元在平衡和姿势运动功能中发挥着重要作用，但VNGAD 2+神经元则不然。这种新的光遗传学方法将有助于表征参与前庭生理学和病理生理学的不同VN神经元群体的作用。
Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons represent the neural components of the medial vestibular nuclei. We assessed the functional role of glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal pathways arising from the vestibular nuclei (VN) in the maintenance of gait and balance by optogenetically stimulating the VN in VGluT2-cre and GAD2-cre mice. We demonstrate that glutamatergic, but not GABAergic VN neuronal subpopulation is responsible for immediate and strong posturo-locomotor deficits, comparable to unilateral vestibular deafferentation models. During optogenetic stimulation, the support surface dramatically increased in VNVGluT2+mice, and rapidly fell back to baseline after stimulation, whilst it remained unchanged during similar stimulation of VNGAD2+mice. This effect persisted when vestibular tactilo kinesthesic plantar inputs were removed. Posturo-locomotor alterations evoked in VNVGluT2+animals were still present immediately after stimulation, while they disappeared 1 h later. Overall, these results indicate a fundamental role for VNVGluT2+neurons in balance and posturo-locomotor functions, but not for VNGAD2+neurons, in this specific context. This new optogenetic approach will be useful to characterize the role of the different VN neuronal populations involved in vestibular physiology and pathophysiology.