Characteristics of Major Air Pollutants in China
Characteristics of Major Air Pollutants in China
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-5657-4_2
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bai, Zhipeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ren, Lihong;Yang, Wen;Bai, Zhipeng
随着中国经济的快速发展，空气污染也越来越严重。我国大气污染呈现以PM2.5和O-3浓度高为特征的复合型污染。本研究概述了中国空气质量和排放状况，并讨论了主要污染物（PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NOX和O-3）的时空分布。结果表明，减排改善了中国的空气质量。然而，2015年中国许多城市的PM10和PM2.5仍然超过了中国国家环境空气质量标准（CNAAQS）。77.5%（PM2.5）和65.4%（PM10）的监测城市被发现超过CNAQS。2013 - 2015年O3-年均浓度呈上升趋势，2015年有16%的城市未达到CNAQS标准，表明O3-污染应引起重视。对于NO_2和SO_2，CNAAQS的一致性很低。PM2.5、PM10和SO2浓度在北方高于南方。高NO2出现在京津冀和长三角地区。二次颗粒物和机动车尾气是特大城市PM2.5的主要来源。沙尘是PM10的主要来源。在中国城市地区，O-3的形成受VOC限制，而在非城市地区，O-3的形成受NOX限制。
Following the rapid development of China's economy, air pollution has become more and more serious. Air pollution in China presents complex pollution characterized by high PM2.5 and O-3 concentration. This study presents an overview of the status of air quality and emission in China and discusses the temporal and spatial distribution of major pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, and O-3). The results show that the reduced emissions have improved the air quality in China. However, the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standard (CNAAQS) for PM10 and PM2.5 still be exceeded in many cities of China in 2015. A total of 77.5% (for PM2.5) and 65.4% (for PM10) of the monitoring cities were found to be exceeded CNAAQS. The average annual O-3 concentration was increasing during 2013-2015, and 16% of the total cities in 2015 did not meet the CNAAQS, indicating that O-3 pollution should be paid more attention. For NO2 and SO2, the exceedances of CNAAQS are rare. PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 concentrations are higher in northern than in southern regions. High NO2 occurred in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River delta region. Secondary particles formation and motor vehicle exhaust were the main sources of PM2.5 in megacities. Dust was the main source for PM10. The formation of O-3 is VOC-limited in urban areas of China and NOX-limited in nonurban areas.