The Impact of "No Opinion" Response Options on Data Quality: Non-Attitude Reduction or an Invitation to Satisfice?
The Impact of "No Opinion" Response Options on Data Quality: Non-Attitude Reduction or an Invitation to Satisfice?
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DOI：
10.1086/341394
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
J. Krosnick;Allyson L. Holbrook;Matthew K. Berent;Richard T. Carson;W. Hanemann;Raymond J. Kopp;Robert Cameron Mitchell;S. Presser;P. Ruud;V. K. Smith;Wendy R. Moody;Melanie C. Green;M. Conaway
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Krosnick;Allyson L. Holbrook;Matthew K. Berent;Richard T. Carson;W. Hanemann;Raymond J. Kopp;Robert Cameron Mitchell;S. Presser;P. Ruud;V. K. Smith;Wendy R. Moody;Melanie C. Green;M. Conaway
根据许多经验丰富的调查研究人员，提供一个无意见的选择应该减少压力，给实质性的反应所感受到的受访者谁没有真正的意见。相比之下，调查满意度的观点表明，无意见选项可能会阻止一些受访者进行必要的认知工作，以报告他们的真实意见。我们解决这些参数使用的数据从九个实验进行了三个家庭调查。无意见选项的吸引力最大的受访者中的认知技能最低（以教育娱乐为衡量标准），在受访者中秘密回答而不是口头回答，在调查中稍后提出的问题，以及在受访者中谁很少投入精力的报告过程。所获得的态度报告的质量（通过随时间推移的一致性和对问题操纵的反应来衡量）不会因忽略无意见选项而受到影响。这些结果表明，在态度测量中包含无意见选项可能不会提高数据质量，反而可能会妨碍一些有意义的意见的测量。
According to many seasoned survey researchers, offering a no-opinion option should reduce the pressure to give substantive re- sponses felt by respondents who have no true opinions. By contrast, the survey satisficing perspective suggests that no-opinion options may dis- courage some respondents from doing the cognitive work necessary to report the true opinions they do have. We address these arguments using data from nine experiments carried out in three household surveys. Attraction to no-opinion options was found to be greatest among re- spondents lowest in cognitive skills (as measured by educational at- tainment), among respondents answering secretly instead of orally, for questions asked later in a survey, and among respondents who devoted little effort to the reporting process. The quality of attitude reports ob- tained (as measured by over-time consistency and responsiveness to a question manipulation) was not compromised by the omission of no- opinion options. These results suggest that inclusion of no-opinion op- tions in attitude measures may not enhance data quality and instead may preclude measurement of some meaningful opinions.