Probiotics function mechanistically as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds: Microbial endocrinology in the design and use of probiotics
Probiotics function mechanistically as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds: Microbial endocrinology in the design and use of probiotics
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.201100024
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lyte, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyte, Mark
我在这里假设，益生菌合成神经活性化合物的能力提供了一个统一的微生物内分泌学为基础的机制，以解释迄今尚未完全理解的影响宿主胃肠道和心理健康的肠道微生物群的作用。一旦摄入，益生菌进入一个相互作用的环境，包括微生物，免疫和神经生理成分。通过利用称为微生物内分泌学的跨学科框架，否则不会被考虑的机制变得明显，因为任何候选人都需要在所有三个组成部分之间共享。由益生菌产生的神经化学物质的范围包括免疫和神经元元件（肠内和肠外）上的基于受体的靶点已经被很好地表征的神经化学物质。因此，通过益生菌生产神经化学物质允许考虑将其作为神经活性化合物的递送载体。这种统一的微生物内分泌学假设可能有助于临床使用益生菌的选择和设计，也突出了神经科学在理解微生物如何影响健康方面的作用。
I hypothesize here that the ability of probiotics to synthesize neuroactive compounds provides a unifying microbial endocrinology-based mechanism to explain the hitherto incompletely understood action of commensal microbiota that affect the host's gastrointestinal and psychological health. Once ingested, probiotics enter an interactive environment encompassing microbiological, immunological, and neurophysiological components. By utilizing a trans-disciplinary framework known as microbial endocrinology, mechanisms that would otherwise not be considered become apparent since any candidate would need to be shared among all three components. The range of neurochemicals produced by probiotics includes neurochemicals for which receptor-based targets on immune and neuronal elements (intestinal and extra-intestinal) have been well characterized. Production of neurochemicals by probiotics therefore allows for their consideration as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds. This unifying microbial endocrinology-based hypothesis, which may facilitate the selection and design of probiotics for clinical use, also highlights the largely unrecognized role of neuroscience in understanding how microbes may influence health.