The Epidemiology of Sarcopenia.
The Epidemiology of Sarcopenia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jocd.2015.04.012
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sayer AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dodds RM;Roberts HC;Cooper C;Sayer AA
这篇综述的目的是描述石棺减少症的流行病学，特别是患病率、健康结果和整个生命过程中与其发展相关的因素。骨质疏松症的定义涉及一系列指标(肌肉质量、力量和体能)，这些指标往往会随着年龄的增长而下降，因此骨质疏松症随着年龄的增长变得越来越普遍。人们对医院和养老院中老年人的患病率知之甚少，尽管这可能高于社区环境中的患病率。所使用的测量方法的范围以及为每种方法建议的切入点，给比较不同研究之间的患病率估计带来了挑战。力量和身体表现(在较小程度上，肌肉质量)与一系列不利的健康后果有关，这突显了骨质疏松症的重要性。这一点最引人注目的表现是，在握力较弱和步速较慢的人中，全因死亡率增加。生命过程的方法拓宽了我们理解石棺减少的病因学和潜在的干预措施的窗口。体力活动就是一个例子，在成年中期增加的运动量似乎会在老年早期增加肌肉质量和力量。流行病学研究将继续对我们了解石棺减少症以及可能的干预和预防途径做出重要贡献。
The aim of this review is to describe the epidemiology of sarcopenia, specifically prevalence, health outcomes and factors across the life course that have been linked to its development. Sarcopenia definitions involve a range of measures (muscle mass, strength and physical performance) which tend to decline with age and hence sarcopenia becomes increasingly prevalent with age. Less is known about prevalence in older people in hospital and care homes, although it is likely to be higher than in community settings. The range of measures used, as well as the cut-points suggested for each, presents a challenge for comparing prevalence estimates between studies. The importance of sarcopenia is highlighted by the range of adverse health outcomes that strength and physical performance (and to a lesser extent, muscle mass) have been linked to. This is shown most strikingly by the finding of increased all-cause mortality rates among those with weaker grip strength and slower gait speed. A life course approach broadens the window for our understanding of the aetiology of sarcopenia and hence the potential intervention. An example is physical activity, with increased levels across mid-adulthood appearing to increase muscle mass and strength in early old age. Epidemiological studies will continue to make an important contribution to our understanding of sarcopenia and possible avenues for intervention and prevention.