Do plastic particles affect microalgal photosynthesis and growth?
Do plastic particles affect microalgal photosynthesis and growth?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.12.002
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Vethaak, A. Dick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sjollema, Sascha B.;Redondo-Hasselerharm, Paula;Vethaak, A. Dick
世界海洋塑料污染的无节制增加引发了人们对这些材料可能对微藻产生的潜在影响的担忧，微藻是食物链基础上的初级生产者，也是全球主要的氧气来源。我们目前对塑料颗粒对微藻产生毒性作用的潜在模式和机制的了解非常有限。影响可能如何随颗粒大小和特定塑料材料的物理化学性质而变化同样未阐明，但可能会提供如何发挥毒性的线索。在这项研究中，我们选择了聚苯乙烯颗粒，带负电荷和不带电荷，和三种不同的尺寸（0.05，0.5和6 μ m）的大小和材料性能的影响进行测试。将微藻暴露于不同粒径和表面电荷的聚苯乙烯颗粒中72 h。采用脉冲幅度调制荧光法和流式细胞仪分别测定了微藻光合作用和生长的影响。在这些实验中测试的处理中没有一个对微藻光合作用有影响。微藻生长受到不带电聚苯乙烯颗粒的负面影响（高达45%），但仅在高浓度（250毫克/升）。此外，这些不良反应被证明随着粒径的减小而增加。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
The unbridled increase in plastic pollution of the world's oceans raises concerns about potential effects these materials may have on microalgae, which are primary producers at the basis of the food chain and a major global source of oxygen. Our current understanding about the potential modes and mechanisms of toxic action that plastic particles exert on microalgae is extremely limited. How effects might vary with particle size and the physico-chemical properties of the specific plastic material in question are equally unelucidated, but may hold clues to how toxicity, if observed, is exerted. In this study we selected polystyrene particles, both negatively charged and uncharged, and three different sizes (0.05, 0.5 and 6 mu m) for testing the effects of size and material properties. Microalgae were exposed to different polystyrene particle sizes and surface charges for 72 h. Effects on microalgal photosynthesis and growth were determined by pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry and flow cytometry, respectively. None of the treatments tested in these experiments had an effect on microalgal photosynthesis. Microalgal growth was negatively affected (up to 45%) by uncharged polystyrene particles, but only at high concentrations (250 mg/L). Additionally, these adverse effects were demonstrated to increase with decreasing particle size. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.