Dietary Sodium 'Controversy'-Issues and Potential Solutions
Dietary Sodium 'Controversy'-Issues and Potential Solutions
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DOI：
10.1007/s13668-021-00357-1
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发表时间：
2021-06-19
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
MacGregor, G. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, N. R. C.;He, F. J.;MacGregor, G. A.
审查目的 据估计，2019 年，高膳食钠是导致 180 万人死亡的主要膳食风险。基于膳食钠增加导致大约三分之一的高血压患病率的证据，有减少钠摄入量的统一建议，随机对照试验的荟萃分析表明，减少钠摄入可以降低血压、心血管疾病和总死亡率。然而，人们认为减少膳食钠的有益效果是有争议的。我们提供与争议的一些来源相关的经验证据，并提出潜在的解决方案。最新发现 不恰当的研究方法、研究缺乏严谨性、利益冲突和商业偏见、专业行为问题以及缺乏保护公共利益的政策都可能导致关于减少膳食钠的争议。未能保护减少膳食钠摄入的政策免受非科学威胁。需要付出巨大努力来确保营养研究的完整性并维持公众的信任。
Purpose of Review High dietary sodium is estimated to be the leading dietary risk for death attributed to 1.8 million deaths in 2019. There are uniform recommendations to reduce sodium consumption based on evidence that increased dietary sodium is responsible for approximately a third of the prevalence of hypertension, and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials show that sodium reduction lowers blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality. Nevertheless, there is a perception that the beneficial effect of reducing dietary sodium is controversial. We provide experiential evidence relating to some sources of the controversy and propose potential solutions. Recent Findings Inappropriate research methodology, lack of rigor in research, conflicts of interest and commercial bias, questions of professional conduct, and lack of policies to protect public interests are likely to contribute to the controversy about reducing dietary sodium. There is a failure to protect policies to reduce dietary sodium from nonscientific threats. Significant efforts need to be made to ensure the integrity of nutritional research and maintain public trust.