Unusual biosynthesis of leupyrrins in the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum
Unusual biosynthesis of leupyrrins in the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200454240
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Müller, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bode, HB;Wenzel, SC;Müller, R
革兰氏阴性粘细菌是一种结构新颖、生物活性显著的次生代谢产物的丰富来源。[1]这些天然产物经常揭示不寻常的生物合成产生罕见的结构元素，例如，肉桂酸酯和甲氧基丙二酸酯部分。[2，3]粘细菌次级代谢产物通常是衍生自羧酸和氨基酸的杂合结构，这与生产菌株基因组中大量的杂合聚酮合酶（PKS）/非核糖体肽合成酶（NRPS）生物合成基因簇很好地对应。[4]粘细菌次级代谢的另一个典型特征是PKS后或NRPS后修饰（例如甲基化、氧化/还原、糖基化）的频率低，这通常在其他次级代谢产物中发现，例如来自放线菌的次级代谢产物。在粘细菌中，大多数这些修饰是由位于PKS或PKS/NRPS蛋白内的结构域催化的。[5-7]因此，来自粘细菌次级代谢的基因可用于组合生物化学[8]以产生特异性的
The Gram-negative myxobacteria are a rich source of structurally novel secondary metabolites with remarkable biological activities.[1] These natural products often reveal unusual biosyntheses producing rare structural elements, for example, cinnamate and methoxymalonate moieties.[2, 3] Myxobacterial secondary metabolites are frequently hybrid structures derived from carboxylic acids and amino acids, which corresponds well with the high number of hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS)/nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) biosynthetic gene clusters in the genomes of the producing strains.[4] Another typical feature of myxobacterial secondary metabolism is the low frequency of post-PKS or post-NRPS modifications (eg methylations, oxidations/reductions, glycosylations), which are usually found in other secondary metabolites, for example, from actinomycetes. In myxobacteria most of these modifications are catalyzed by domains located within the PKS or PKS/NRPS proteins.[5–7] Therefore, genes from the myxobacterial secondary metabolism can be used in combinatorial biochemistry [8] to produce specific