Imiquimod 5% Cream Use in Dermatology, Side Effects and Recent Patents
Imiquimod 5% Cream Use in Dermatology, Side Effects and Recent Patents
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DOI：
10.2174/187221312798889301
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Calvieri, Stefano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantisani, Carmen;Lazic, Tamara;Calvieri, Stefano
咪喹莫特是一种免疫反应调节剂，刺激患者自身的免疫系统释放各种化学物质，如干扰素和白细胞介素-12。虽然自1997年以来，美国食品和药物管理局批准该产品作为生殖器和肛周疣的局部治疗，但研究人员发现，该产品可为各种医疗条件提供替代治疗，如光化性角化病，传染性软疣，生殖器疱疹和各种皮肤肿瘤。临床试验现在证明了它的管理可能在治疗其他免疫相关的皮肤病的有益效果。了解这种药物的药理学是充分了解人类免疫系统力量的另一步。局部反应最常见，包括瘙痒、灼热、疼痛、酸痛、剥落、糜烂和结痂。因为它是局部给药的;如果正确使用，只有少量的药物应该到达体循环。然而，罕见的全身副作用已被报道，包括头痛，流感样症状，疲劳，恶心和肌痛。本文综述了咪喹莫特在皮肤科的应用，包括其超说明书使用、副作用、未来发展、与皮肤科相关的新分子及相关专利。
Imiquimod is an immune response modifier that stimulates the patient's own immune system to release various chemical substances, such as interferon and interleukin-12. Although, approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration since 1997 as a topical treatment for genital and perianal warts, investigators have found that this product may offer an alternative treatment for a wide variety of medical conditions, such as for actinic keratoses, molluscum contagiosum, genital herpes, and various skin tumours. Clinical trials are now demonstrating the beneficial effects that its administration may have in treating other immune-related, dermatologic disorders. Understanding the pharmacology of this kind of drug is another step to fully understanding the power of the human immune system. Local reactions occur most frequently and include itching, burning, pain, soreness, flaking, erosions, and crusting. Since, it is administered locally; only a small amount of drug should reach systemic circulation, if used correctly. However, uncommon systemic side effects have been reported including headache, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, nausea, and myalgia. This article reviews imiquimod use in dermatology including its off-label use, side effects, future developments, new molecules related to dermatology and relevant patents.