Plant factories versus greenhouses: Comparison of resource use efficiency
Plant factories versus greenhouses: Comparison of resource use efficiency
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agsy.2017.11.003
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Stanghellini, Cecilia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graamans, Luuk;Baeza, Esteban;Stanghellini, Cecilia
对封闭式植物生产系统的研究，如人工照明和高度绝缘的植物工厂，为城市粮食生产提供了前景，但需要更多地了解其资源使用效率。本文评估了这种“新型”系统在低温或高温以及太阳辐射水平等恶劣气候条件下的生产潜力。通过分析生菜生产中资源的利用情况，将植物工厂的性能与传统温室栽培进行了比较。我们将先进的气候模型应用于温室和建筑物，再加上将生长与微气候联系起来的生菜模型。在能源效率方面，植物工厂（1411 MJ kg（-1）干重）甚至优于最高效的温室（瑞典，人工照明; 1699 MJ kg（-1）干重）。此外，植物工厂实现了所有其他资源（水，二氧化碳和土地面积）的更高生产力。然而，就购买的能源而言，温室优于温室，因为它们使用免费的太阳能进行光合作用。在荷兰、阿拉伯联合酋长国和瑞典（有或没有额外的人工照明），生产1公斤干重的莴苣需要247千瓦时的投入，而温室的投入分别为70、111、182和211千瓦时。当地资源的稀缺决定了生产系统的适用性。我们的定量分析提供了深入了解外部气候对植物工厂和温室资源生产力的影响。通过阐明缺乏太阳能的影响，这为确定植物工厂的经济可行性提供了一个起点。
Research on closed plant production systems, such as artificially illuminated and highly insulated plant factories, has offered perspectives for urban food production but more insight is needed into their resource use efficiency. This paper assesses the potential of this 'novel' system for production in harsh climates with either low or high temperatures and solar radiation levels.The performance of plant factories is compared with cultivation in traditional greenhouses by analysing the use of resources in the production of lettuce. We applied advanced climate models for greenhouses and buildings, coupled with a lettuce model that relates growth to microclimate. This analysis was performed for three different climate zones and latitudes (24-68 degrees N).In terms of energy efficiency, plant factories (1411 MJ kg(-1) dry weight) outperform even the most efficient greenhouse (Sweden with artificial illumination; 1699 MJ kg(-1) dry weight). Additionally, plant factories achieve higher productivity for all other resources (water, CO2 and land area). With respect to purchased energy, however, greenhouses excel as they use freely available solar energy for photosynthesis. The production of 1 kg dry weight of lettuce requires an input of 247 kWhe in a plant factory, compared to 70, 111, 182 and 211 kWhe in greenhouses in respectively the Netherlands, United Arab Emirates and Sweden (with and without additional artificial illumination).The local scarcity of resources determines the suitability of production systems. Our quantitative analysis provides insight into the effect of external climate on resource productivity in plant factories and greenhouses. By elucidating the impact of the absence of solar energy, this provides a starting point for determining the economic viability of plant factories.