Maternal Exposure to Air Pollution and Birth Outcomes
Maternal Exposure to Air Pollution and Birth Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1002564
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rylander, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Malmqvist, Ebba;Rignell-Hydbom, Anna;Rylander, Lars
背景技术背景：空气污染对出生体重、早产和小于胎龄儿（SGA）的影响的知识在低暴露地区是不够的。结论：这项出生队列研究的目的是调查低水平暴露于空气污染是否与早产和胎儿生长有关，以及是否有性别特异性影响。我们将81，110例出生的高质量登记信息与氮氧化物（NOx）居住地和不同交通密度道路附近的单独建模暴露数据相结合。数据进行了分析，Logistic和线性回归，没有潜在的confersions.RESULTS：我们观察到婴儿SGA的风险增加时，我们比较了最高和最低的氮氧化物四分位数，调整母亲的年龄，吸烟，性别和出生年份。在对产妇原籍国和产次（两者高度相关）进行进一步调整后，这一增加在统计上不再显著。然而，在亚组分析中，当我们比较最高和最低NOx四分位数时，我们仍然观察到女孩的SGA风险增加[比值比（OR）= 1.12; 95%置信区间（CI），1.01-1.24）;我们还观察到怀孕期间未改变居住地的母亲的风险增加（OR = 1.09; 95% CI，1.01-1.18）。对SGA影响最大的混杂因素是胎次和来源国。关于早产，患病率较低的三个较高的氮氧化物暴露四分位数相比，最低category.CONCLUSION：未来的研究空气污染对出生结果的影响，仔细控制混杂是至关重要的。
BACKGROUND: The knowledge about air pollution effects on birth weight, prematurity, and small for gestational age (SGA) in low-exposure areas is insufficient.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this birth cohort study was to investigate whether low-level exposure to air pollution was associated with prematurity and fetal growth and whether there are sex-specific effects.METHOD: We combined high-quality registry information on 81,110 births with individually modeled exposure data at residence for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and proximity to roads with differing traffic density. The data were analyzed by logistic and linear regression with and without potential confounders.RESULTS: We observed an increased risk for babies being SGA when we compared highest and lowest NOx quartiles, adjusting for maternal age, smoking, sex, and year of birth. After additional adjustment for maternal country of origin and parity (which were highly intercorrelated), the increase was no longer statistically significant. However, in subgroup analyses when we compared highest and lowest NOx quartiles we still observed an increased risk for SGA for girls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.24); we also observed increased risk among mothers who had not changed residency during pregnancy (OR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.18). The confounders with the greatest impact on SGA were parity and country of origin. Concerning prematurity, the prevalence was lower in the three higher NOx exposure quartiles compared with the lowest category.CONCLUSION: For future studies on air pollution effects on birth outcomes, careful control of confounding is crucial.