Food Group Intakes as Determinants of Iodine Status among US Adult Population.
Food Group Intakes as Determinants of Iodine Status among US Adult Population.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu8060325
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发表时间：
2016-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Song WO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee KW;Shin D;Cho MS;Song WO
摄入足够的碘对甲状腺功能的正常发挥至关重要。虽然已经确定了碘的膳食参考摄入量，但由于缺乏食物中碘含量的数据，无法估计碘的摄入量。我们的目的是确定食物组摄入量是否可以预测碘状态，通过2007-2012年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中5967名美国成年人的尿碘浓度（UIC）评估尿样。通过24小时亲自饮食召回，使用美国农业部（USDA）的个人食品代码将所有消费的食品汇总为12个主要食品组；乳制品、肉类/家禽、鱼类/海藻、鸡蛋、豆类/坚果/种子、面包、其他谷物产品、水果、蔬菜、脂肪/油、糖/糖果和饮料。采用卡方检验、Spearman相关和多元线性回归分析，探讨食物组摄入对UIC评估碘状态的可预测性。从多元线性回归来看，乳制品、鸡蛋和面包的消费以及含碘补充剂的使用与UIC呈正相关，而饮料消费与UIC呈负相关。在各种食物组的摄入量中，乳制品的摄入量是美国男性和女性碘水平的最重要决定因素。缺碘风险高的亚人群可能需要关于食用乳制品、鸡蛋和面包的营养教育，以保持足够的碘水平。努力更好地了解每种食物中的碘含量和持续监测美国成年人的碘状况都是有必要的。
Adequate intake of iodine is essential for proper thyroid function. Although dietary reference intakes for iodine have been established, iodine intake cannot be estimated due to the lack of data on iodine contents in foods. We aimed to determine if food group intakes can predict iodine status assessed by urinary iodine concentration (UIC) from spot urine samples of 5967 US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. From an in-person 24-h dietary recall, all foods consumed were aggregated into 12 main food groups using the individual food code of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA); dairy products, meat/poultry, fish/seaweed, eggs, legumes/nuts/seeds, breads, other grain products, fruits, vegetables, fats/oils, sugars/sweets, and beverages. Chi-square test, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the predictability of food group intakes in iodine status assessed by UIC. From the multiple linear regressions, the consumption of dairy products, eggs, and breads, and iodine-containing supplement use were positively associated with UIC, whereas beverage consumption was negatively associated with UIC. Among various food group intakes, dairy product intake was the most important determinant of iodine status in both US men and women. Subpopulation groups with a high risk of iodine deficiency may need nutritional education regarding the consumption of dairy products, eggs, and breads to maintain an adequate iodine status. Efforts toward a better understanding of iodine content in each food and a continued monitoring of iodine status within US adults are both warranted.