Newspaper coverage of maverick science: creating controversy through balancing
Newspaper coverage of maverick science: creating controversy through balancing
复制标题
报纸对特立独行的科学的报道：通过平衡制造争议
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Dearing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Dearing
记者如何向公众描绘特立独行的科学家的想法？特立独行的人被描绘成可信的科学来源吗？记者们写的故事仅仅是为非科学观众翻译特立独行的理论，还是他们更经常地将这些特立独行的理论转化为科学争议的领域？这项研究通过分析记者如何撰写三个特立独行的理论来假设这些问题的答案：（1）1990年的地震预测，（2）关于艾滋病原因的另一种理论，以及（3）冷聚变。对美国26家报纸的393篇新闻文章的内容分析和对撰写这些报道的记者的邮寄调查表明，少数科学家认为可信的科学理论可能在大众媒体报道中获得可信度，尽管记者自己认为特立独行的科学家缺乏可信度。通过大众媒体的风险沟通的影响进行了讨论。
How do journalists portray the ideas of maverick scientists to the general public? Are mavericks portrayed as credible scientific sources? Do the stories written by journalists function to merely translate maverick theories for nonscientific audiences, or do they more often transform those maverick theories into the realm of scientific controversies? This study hypothesized answers to these questions by analysing how journalists wrote about three maverick theories: (1) a 1990 earthquake prediction, (2) an alternative theory about the cause of AIDS, and (3) cold fusion. A content analysis of 393 news articles in 26 US newspapers and a mailed survey of the journalists who wrote those stories suggest that scientific theories which are believed to be credible by a minority of scientists may be lent credibility in mass media stories, even though the journalists themselves thought that the maverick scientists lacked credibility. Implications for the communication of risk through the mass media are discussed.