Food Insecurity and Mental Health Status: A Global Analysis of 149 Countries
Food Insecurity and Mental Health Status: A Global Analysis of 149 Countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.008
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jones, Andrew D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jones, Andrew D.
导言：这项研究试图确定全球所有地区个人层面的食物不安全(FI)与心理健康状况的关系。方法：2016年的横断面数据来自2014年盖洛普世界民意调查，这是一系列全球实施的、具有国家代表性的调查。使用个人食品不安全体验量表调查模块对FI进行评估，这是一种报告个人FI经历的八个问题的心理测量量表。个体层面的心理健康综合指数，即消极体验指数和积极体验指数(0-100分)，分别基于对受访者最近与抑郁和精神痛苦相关的五个负面和积极体验问题的回答而计算出来。结果：任何一种FI的患病率在东亚为18.3%，在撒哈拉以南非洲为76.1%。在使用调整后的多元回归分析的全球分析中(149个国家)，FI与较差的精神健康指数得分呈剂量-反应关系(系数[95%CI]：负面体验指数：轻度FI，10.4[9.5，11.2]；中度FI，17.7[16.4，19.0]；重度FI，24.5[22.7，26.3]；积极体验指数：轻度FI，-8.3[-9.3，-7.4]；中度FI，-12.6[-13.8，-11.3]；重度FI，-16.2[-17.9，-14.5]。区域内分析(11个地区)一致地显示出相同的趋势。结论：在独立于SES的全球地区中，FI与较差的心理健康和特定的心理社会应激源有关。FI可能导致常见精神障碍的多种途径，以及FI与疗效相关的广泛社会影响，可能有助于这些发现的跨文化一致性。
Introduction: This study sought to determine the association of individual-level food insecurity (FI) with mental health status across all global regions.Methods: Cross-sectional data were analyzed in 2016 from the 2014 Gallup World Poll, a series of globally implemented, nationally representative surveys. FI was assessed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale Survey Module for Individuals, an eight-question psychometric scale reporting individuals' experiences of FI. Individual-level composite indices of mental health, the Negative Experience Index and Positive Experience Index (0-100 scale), were calculated based on responses to five questions of respondents' recent negative and positive experiences, respectively, associated with depression and mental distress.Results: The prevalence of any FI ranged from 18.3% in East Asia to 76.1% in Sub-Saharan Africa. In global analyses (149 countries) using adjusted multiple regression analyses, FI was associated in a dose-response fashion with poorer scores on the mental health indices (coefficient [95% CI]: Negative Experience Index: mild FI, 10.4 [9.5, 11.2]; moderate FI, 17.7 [16.4, 19.0]; severe FI, 24.5 [22.7, 26.3]; Positive Experience Index: mild FI, -8.3 [-9.3, -7.4]; moderate FI, -12.6 [-13.8, -11.3]; severe FI, -16.2 [-17.9, -14.5]). Within-region analyses (11 regions) consistently demonstrated the same trends.Conclusions: FI is associated with poorer mental health and specific psychosocial stressors across global regions independent of SES. The numerous pathways via which FI may contribute to common mental disorders, and the broad social implications of FI linked to efficacy, may contribute to the cross-cultural consistency of the findings.