Transition from an atomic to a molecular Bose–Einstein condensate
Transition from an atomic to a molecular Bose–Einstein condensate
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03443-0
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Zhendong Zhang;Liangchao Chen;Kai-Xuan Yao;C. Chin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhendong Zhang;Liangchao Chen;Kai-Xuan Yao;C. Chin
分子量子气体的制备在化学反应的量子控制、精密测量、量子模拟和量子信息处理等方面有着广阔的应用前景。然而，实验制备更冷和更密集的分子样品，经常受到快速非弹性碰撞的阻碍，这些碰撞会加热和消耗粒子数。本文报道了自旋波分子通过诱导原子凝聚体中的对相互作用形成二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。阱的几何形状和分子的低温有助于减少非弹性损失，以确保热平衡。我们确定了分子散射长度为~玻尔，并研究了强耦合区的非配对动力学。我们的工作证实了原子和分子凝聚体之间长期寻求的转变，玻色子类似于费米气体中的BEC-BCS（Bardeen-Cooper-Schieffer超流体）交叉。
Preparation of molecular quantum gas promises novel applications including quantum control of chemical reactions, precision measurements, quantum simulation and quantum information processing. Experimental preparation of colder and denser molecular samples, however, is frequently hindered by fast inelastic collisions that heat and deplete the population. Here we report the formation of two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of spinningwave molecules by inducing pairing interactions in an atomic condensate. The trap geometry and the low temperature of the molecules help reducing inelastic loss to ensure thermal equilibrium. We determine the molecular scattering length to be~Bohr and investigate the unpairing dynamics in the strong coupling regime. Our work confirms the long-sought transition between atomic and molecular condensates, the bosonic analog of the BEC-BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schieffer superfluid) crossover in a Fermi gas.