Lipolysis - a highly regulated multi-enzyme complex mediates the catabolism of cellular fat stores.
Lipolysis - a highly regulated multi-enzyme complex mediates the catabolism of cellular fat stores.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plipres.2010.10.004
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Zechner, Rudolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lass, Achim;Zimmermann, Robert;Oberer, Monika;Zechner, Rudolf
脂解是负责储存在细胞脂滴中的三酰甘油（TAG）的催化分解的生化途径。TAG的水解裂解产生非酯化脂肪酸，其随后用作能量底物、脂质和膜合成的必需前体或细胞信号传导过程中的介质。与其在脂质和能量稳态中的中心重要性一致，脂解基本上发生在所有组织和细胞类型中，然而，它在白色和棕色脂肪组织中最丰富。在过去的5年中，已经确定了参与脂解的重要酶和调节蛋白因子。这些包括一种名为脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶（ATGL）的必需TAG水解酶[注释为含马铃薯糖蛋白样磷脂酶结构域的蛋白A2]、ATGL激活剂比较基因鉴定-58 [注释为含α/β水解酶的蛋白5]和ATGL抑制剂G 0/G1转换基因2。这些蛋白质与已建立的脂肪酶敏感性脂肪酶[注释为脂肪酶E]和单甘油酯脂肪酶一起构成基本的“脂解机制”。此外，大量激素信号传导途径和脂滴相关蛋白因子调节底物进入和“脂多糖体”的活性。本文综述了目前的知识有关的酶和调节过程中的脂肪储存在脂肪和非脂肪组织的脂肪分解。特别强调ATGL，其调节和生理功能。
Lipolysis is the biochemical pathway responsible for the catabolism of triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in cellular lipid droplets. The hydrolytic cleavage of TAG generates non-esterified fatty acids, which are subsequently used as energy substrates, essential precursors for lipid and membrane synthesis, or mediators in cell signaling processes. Consistent with its central importance in lipid and energy homeostasis, lipolysis occurs in essentially all tissues and cell types, it is most abundant, however, in white and brown adipose tissue. Over the last 5 years, important enzymes and regulatory protein factors involved in lipolysis have been identified. These include an essential TAG hydrolase named adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) [annotated as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein A2], the ATGL activator comparative gene identification-58 [annotated as α/β hydrolase containing protein 5], and the ATGL inhibitor G0/G1 switch gene 2. Together with the established hormone-sensitive lipase [annotated as lipase E] and monoglyceride lipase, these proteins constitute the basic “lipolytic machinery”. Additionally, a large number of hormonal signaling pathways and lipid droplet-associated protein factors regulate substrate access and the activity of the “lipolysome”. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the enzymes and regulatory processes governing lipolysis of fat stores in adipose and non-adipose tissues. Special emphasis will be given to ATGL, its regulation, and physiological function.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Beller M;Sztalryd C;Southall N;Bell M;Jäckle H;Auld DS;Oliver B
通讯作者：
Oliver B
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Bell, Ming;Wang, Hong;Chen, Hui;McLenithan, John C.;Gong, Da-Wei;Yang, Rong-Zee;Yu, Daozhan;Fried, Susan K.;Quon, Michael J.;Londos, Constantine;Sztalryd, Carole
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Sztalryd, Carole
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Somers, WS
DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1997.6923
发表时间：
1997-07-09
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Anthonsen, MW;Degerman, E;Holm, C
通讯作者：
Holm, C
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Bertrand, T.;Auge, F.;Mathieu, M.
通讯作者：
Mathieu, M.