BINOCULAR MECHANISMS FOR DETECTING MOTION-IN-DEPTH
BINOCULAR MECHANISMS FOR DETECTING MOTION-IN-DEPTH
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DOI：
10.1016/0042-6989(94)90162-7
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发表时间：
1994-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
PARKER, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CUMMING, BG;PARKER, AJ
原则上，至少有两个双目信息源可以用来确定物体朝向或远离观察者的运动：这种运动会随着时间的推移产生双目视差的变化，并且还会在两只眼睛中产生不同的图像速度。现有的心理物理和生理证据进行审查。得出的结论是，这些数据是不确定的，是否这些信息来源之一或两者都用于灵长类动物的视觉。测量动态（时间不相关）随机点立体图（RDS）中的视差调制，以及在整个过程中使用相同随机点图案（时间相关）的RDS的视差调制。虽然第一个刺激不包含一致的眼间速度差异，阈值一般略低于这个刺激比时间相关的刺激。因此，对视差的时间导数的灵敏度足以说明人类立体运动检测。设计了一种刺激，其中单眼运动对每只眼睛都清晰可见（具有相反的速度），但其中所有视差变化都超出了立体视觉的时间分辨率。这并没有产生深度运动的感觉。同样，刺激超出立体视觉的空间分辨率不支持立体运动检测。这些数据有力地表明，立体运动主要是通过双眼视差的时间变化来检测。我们认为，没有实验证据支持存在一个机制敏感的眼间速度差异。
There are in principle at least two binocular sources of information that could be used to determine the motion of an object towards or away from an observer: such motion produces changes in binocular disparities over time and also generates different image velocities in the two eyes. Existing psychophysical and physiological evidence is reviewed. It is concluded that these data are inconclusive concerning whether one or both of these sources of information are used in primate vision. Thresholds were measured for disparity modulations in dynamic (temporally uncorrelated) random dot stereograms (RDS), and for RDS in which the same random dot pattern was used throughout (temporally correlated). Although the first stimulus contains no consistent inter-ocular velocity differences, thresholds were generally slightly lower for this stimulus than for temporally correlated stimuli. Sensitivity to the temporal derivative of disparity is therefore adequate to account for human stereomotion detection. A stimulus was devised in which monocular motion was clearly visible to each eye (with opposite velocities) but in which all disparity changes were beyond the temporal resolution of stereopsis. This produced no sensation of motion-in-depth. Similarly, stimuli beyond the spatial resolution of stereopsis did not support stereomotion detection. These data strongly suggest that stereomotion is primarily detected by means of temporal changes in binocular disparity. We argue that there is no experimental evidence that supports the existence of a mechanism sensitive to inter-ocular velocity differences.