Out of the ground: aerial and exotic habitats of the melioidosis bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei in grasses in Australia
Out of the ground: aerial and exotic habitats of the melioidosis bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei in grasses in Australia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02671.x
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Currie, Bart J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaestli, Mirjam;Schmid, Michael;Currie, Bart J.
类鼻疽病是由土壤细菌假鼻疽伯克霍尔德氏菌引起的一种新发的热带人畜传染病。尽管致死率很高，但假鼻疽的生态仍不清楚。我们采用现场和实验室研究相结合的方法，调查了假鼻疽菌在澳大利亚北部本地和外来牧草上的定植情况。对田间垂直采集的植物和土壤进行了多变量和空间分析，以确定对假腮腺炎发生有显著预测作用的因子。在植物接种试验中，研究了假鼻疽杆菌对这些牧草的影响，并对细菌负荷进行了半定量。用荧光原位杂交和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜对植物中的细菌进行了定位。假腮腺伯克霍尔德氏菌不仅寄生在草本植物的根际和根部，而且还寄生在牧草的地上部分。这引发了关于假鼻疽杆菌可能通过放牧动物传播的问题，这些动物的粪便被发现对这些细菌呈阳性反应。特别是，假鼻疽杆菌很容易侵占引进澳大利亚用作牧草的外来牧草。这些引入的草的持续传播创造了适合假鼻疽菌生存的新栖息地，并可能是澳大利亚北部和全球其他地方出现的类鼻疽病不断演变的流行病学的重要因素。
Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals in the tropics caused by the soil bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Despite high fatality rates, the ecology of B. pseudomallei remains unclear. We used a combination of field and laboratory studies to investigate B. pseudomallei colonization of native and exotic grasses in northern Australia. Multivariable and spatial analyses were performed to determine significant predictors for B. pseudomallei occurrence in plants and soil collected longitudinally from field sites. In plant inoculation experiments, the impact of B. pseudomallei upon these grasses was studied and the bacterial load semi-quantified. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed to localize the bacteria in plants. Burkholderia pseudomallei was found to inhabit not only the rhizosphere and roots but also aerial parts of specific grasses. This raises questions about the potential spread of B. pseudomallei by grazing animals whose droppings were found to be positive for these bacteria. In particular, B. pseudomallei readily colonized exotic grasses introduced to Australia for pasture. The ongoing spread of these introduced grasses creates new habitats suitable for B. pseudomallei survival and may be an important factor in the evolving epidemiology of melioidosis seen both in northern Australia and elsewhere globally.